APHAKIA
In blunt trauma abdomen what should be the approach for doing laparotomy
A |
Depends on organ injured |
|
B |
Always midline incision |
|
C |
Always transverse |
|
D |
Depends upon type of injury |
In blunt trauma abdomen what should be the approach for doing laparotomy
A |
Depends on organ injured |
|
B |
Always midline incision |
|
C |
Always transverse |
|
D |
Depends upon type of injury |
Always rnidline incision [Ref: Schwartz 9/e p160 (8/e, p160)] Repeat from All India 07
All emergency abdominal explorations in adults are performed using a long midline incision because of its versatility. For children under the age of 6, a transverse incision may be advantageous.
Jack in box scotoma is seen after correction of Aphakia by:
A | IOL | |
B |
Spectacles |
|
C |
Contact Lens |
|
D |
None
|
Ans. Spectacles
Treatment of choice for Aphakia is:
A |
Spectacles |
|
B |
Contact lens |
|
C |
Exercises |
|
D |
IOL |
Ans. D i.e. IOL
What is the magnitude of magnification when refractive correction of aphakia is done with contact lens:
A |
1-2% |
|
B |
8% |
|
C |
20-30% |
|
D |
More than 50% |
Ans. B: 8%
1-2% image magnification is seen with the use of intraocular lenses for refractive correction of aphakia
- 8% image magnification is seen with the use of contact lenses for refractive correction of aphakia
- 20-30% image magnification is seen with the use of spectacles for refractive correction of aphakia
A |
Shallow anterior chamber |
|
B |
White pupillary reflex |
|
C |
Absent 1st & 2nd Purkinje images |
|
D |
Iridodonesis |
Ans. is ‘d’ i.e., Iridodonesis
Aphakia
- Aphakia refers to absence of crystalline lens from the eye.
- Most common cause of aphakia is surgical removal of cataractous lens.
- Other causes are congenital absence of lens, traumatic absorption of lens matter and posterior dislocation of lens.
- The typical signs of aphakia are deep anterior chamber, iridodonesis (tremulousness of iris) and a dark pupillary reflex.
- Only 1st and 2nd Purkinje images are present, 3rd and 4th are absent.
- As the lens is not there, eye become highly hypermetropic.
- Therefore, principle of treatment is to correct the error by convex lenses of appropriate power.
- Intraocular lens implantation in posterior chamber is the treatment of choice.
- Other treatment modalities are spectacles and contact lenses.
A | 1 & 3′ | |
B |
2nd & 4m |
|
C |
2nd & 3rd |
|
D |
3rd & 4th |
Ans. is ‘c’ i.e., 3rd & 4th
A 55 year old male with a limbal saxcr presents to the ophthalmology clinic with markedly defective vision for near & far. Clinical examination reveals a wide & deep anterior chamber, iridonesis & a dark pupillary ereflex. A vision of 6/6 is achieved with correcting lens of +11D. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis-
A |
Aphakia |
|
B |
Pseudophakia |
|
C |
Hypermetropia |
|
D |
Posterior Dislocation of Lens |
Markedly defective vision for both near & far, a deep anterior chamber, iridodonesis & a dark pupillary reflex all suggest a diagnosis of Aphakia.
A limbal scar further points to the likelihood of surgical aphakia.
Vision of 6/6 in aphakic eye can be achieved with a corrective lens about 10D or 11D if the eye was previously emmetropic.