DOXYCYCLINE
DOXYCYCLINE:
- Tetracycline group of drug.
- Least Nephrotoxic
- Used in renal failure without dose adjustment.
MOA:
- Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to 30S ribosomal subunit.
- Has bacteriostatic activity against broad range of Gram-positive & Gram-negative bacteria.
USES:
- Indicated for treatment of
- Rocky Mountain spotted fever, typhus fever, Q fever, rickettsial pox, & tick fevers caused by Rickettsia
- Respiratory tract infections caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
- Lymphogranuloma venereum, trachoma, inclusion conjunctivitis, & uncomplicated urethral, endocervical, or rectal infections in adults caused by Chlamydia trachomatis.
- Drug of choice for scrub typhus – Doxycycline (100 mg bd orally for 7-15 days)
- Psittacosis (ornithosis) caused by Chlamydia psittaci.
- Englishman visiting regions of chloroquine & mefloquine-resistant malaria.
- Nongonococcal urethritis caused by Ureaplasma urealyticum
- Relapsing fever due to Borrelia recurrentis
- Chancroid caused by Haemophilus ducreyi
- Plague due to Yersinia pestis.
- Tularemia due to Francisella tularensis.
- Cholera caused by Vibrio cholerae (single dose).
- Campylobacter fetus infections.
- Brucellosis caused by Brucella species (Combined with streptomycin)
- Bartonellosis caused by Bartonella bacilliformis
- Granuloma inguinale caused by Calymmatobacterium granulomatis
- Lyme disease caused by Borrelia burgdorferi
- Inflammatory acne with comedones.
SIDE EFFECT:
Common side effects:
- Diarrhoea
- Itching of the rectum or vagina
- Sore mouth
Serious side effects:
- Maximum propensity for photodermatitis.
- Severe headache
- Blurry vision
- Rash or hives
- Trouble breathing or swallowing
- Sunburn
- Yellowing of the skin or eyes
- Dark-coloured urine
- Light-coloured bowel movements
- Loss of appetite
- Nausea or vomiting
- Stomach pain
- Extreme tiredness or weakness
- Confusion
- Less frequent urination
Exam Important
- Doxycycline can be used in renal failure without dose adjustment.
- Doxycycline is least Nephrotoxic.
- Antibiotic treatment of choice for treating cholera in an adult is a single dose of Doxycycline.
- Doxycycline drug of choice for Non-Gonococcal Urethritis.
- Doxycycline is the drug of choice in Mycoplasma infection.
- Doxycycline is the drug of choice in typhus fever.
- Drug of choice for scrub typhus – Doxycycline (100 mg bd orally for 7-15 days)
- Doxycycline is the drug of choice in Brucellosis.
- Doxycycline acts by inhibiting protein synthesis.
- Doxycycline has the maximum propensity for photodermatitis.
- Chemoprophylaxis in an Englishman visiting chloroquine and mefloquine-resistant malaria region is done with Doxycycline.
- A 19-year old male presents with several comedones, papules and pustules on face and trunk.
- The drug of choice for the patient would be Topical retinoic acid + Oral doxycycline.
Don’t Forget to Solve all the previous Year Question asked on DOXYCYCLINE
