KALLMANN SYNDROME

• Kallmann syndrome is caused from defective gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) synthesis.

Etiology-

• Genetic abnormalities.

Clinical features-

• Anaemia & hyposmia due to olfactory bulb agenesis & hypophasia.
• Color blindness, optic atrophy, nerve deafness.
• Cleft palate, cryptoorchidism & mirror movements (neurological defects)
• In males- delayed puberty, micropenis.
• In females- primary amenorrhea, failure of secondary sexual development.
• Low LH & FSH levels & sex steroids.

Treatment–

• Hormonal replacement therapy
• Long term treatment associated chronic gonadotropin (HCG) or testosterone for males.
• For females, cyclic estrogen & progestin.

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