Question
Casal’s necklace is seen in deficiency of:
| A. |
Vitamin A deficiency
|
| B. |
Niacin
|
| C. |
Iron deficiency anemia
|
| D. |
Vitamin B12 deficiency
|
Show Answer
|
Correct Answer � B
Explanation
|
|
Ans: B. Niacin
The deficiency of niacin leads to the clinical condition called pellagra. Pellagra is an Italian word, meaning “rough skin”. Pellagra is caused by the deficiency of Tryptophan as well as Niacin. Pellagra is seen more in women; this may be because tryptophan metabolism is inhibited by estrogen metabolites.
The symptoms of pellagra are:
- Dermatitis: In the early stages, bright red erythema occurs, especially in the feet, ankles, and face. Increased pigmentation around the neck is known as Casal’s necklace. The dermatitis is precipitated by exposure to sunlight
- Diarrhea: diarrhea may be mild or severe with blood and mucus.
- Dementia: It is frequently seen in chronic cases.
- Delirium is common in acute pellagra. Irritability, inability to concentrate and poor memory are more common in mild cases. Ataxia and spasticity are also seen.
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