Question
A 66-year-old woman died of an acute myocardial infarction. At autopsy, both kidneys were decreased in size (about 120 g each) with a finely granular cortical surface. The representative appearance of the kidney under high magnification is shown in the figure. Which of the following clinical abnormalities most likely accompanied this lesion?
| A. |
Oliguria
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| B. |
Benign hypertension
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| C. |
Malignant hypertension
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| D. |
Hematuria
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Show Answer
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Correct Answer � B
Explanation
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Answer : B Benign hypertension
The figure shows hyaline arteriolosclerosis, which typically occurs in patients with benign hypertension. Similar changes can be seen with aging in the absence of hypertension.
Oliguria is a sign of acute renal failure that does not complicate benign essential hypertension, a slowly progressive disease that is often clinically silent.
Blood pressure screening is an important method that can identify patients with hypertension before significant organ damage has occurred. Malignant hypertension causes distinctive renal vascular lesions that include fibrinoid
necrosis and hyperplastic arteriosclerosis.
Hematuria may be present in malignant hypertension from vascular injury, but it is not a feature of benign hypertension.
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