NUCLEOTIDES

NUCLEOTIDES 

• Nucleic acids are polymers of nucleotides joined by 3’-5’ phosphodiester bond.
• There are two types of nucleic acid are-

1. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
2. Ribonucleic acid (RNA)

• Nucleotides are monomeric units of nucleic acids.
• Nucleotides are composed of-

1. Nitrogenous base ( purine or pyrimidine)
2. Pentose sugar
3. Phosphate groups (phosphoric acid)

• Nitrogenous base combines with a pentose sugar to form nucleosides.
• Nitrogenous base– They are aromatic heterocyclic compounds. There are two types of bases found-

I) Purines-

• The purine bases present in RNA and DNA are adenine (A) and guainine (G).

II) Pyrimidines-

• The pyrimidine bases present in nucleic acids are
• > Cytosine (C)- present in both DNA and RNA
• > Thymine (T)- present in DNA
• > Uracil (U)- Present in RNA

Pentose Sugars-

• Pentose sugars present in DNAs are deoxyribose.
• RNAs are ribose.
• Nucleosides – Nitrogenous base + pentose sugar by covalent N- glycosidic bond.
• Carbon-1 of pentose sugar with nitrogen- 9 of the purine base or nitrogen- 1 of pyrimidine base.
• Nucleotides – Nucleoside + phosphoryl groups 

Nitrogenous Base	Pentose Sugar	Nucleoside	Nucleotide
Adenine	Ribose	Adenosine	Adenosine Monophosphate (AMP)
Guanine	Ribose	Guanosine	Guanosine Monophosphate (GMP)
Uracil	Ribose	Uridine	Uridine Monophosphate (UMP)

Nucleic Acids- 

• Nucleic acids are polymers of nucleotides.
• DNA is a polymer of deoxyribonucleotides.
• RNA is a polymer of rebonucleotide.
• Nucleic acid exhibits polarity.
• Nucleoside monophosphates – AMP, TMP.
• Nucleoside diphosphate- ADP
• Nucleoside triphosphate- ATP

Don’t Forget to Solve all the previous Year Question asked on NUCLEOTIDES
Click Here to Start Quiz