Hydrocyanic acid: HCN (pruss,cyanogen or scheele’s acid),
| A | Anoxic anoxia | |
| B |
Anaemic anoxia |
|
| C |
Histotoxic anoxia |
|
| D |
Stagnant anoxia |
Mechanism of action of sodium nitroprusside in cyanide poisoning –
| A |
Produces methemoglobinemia |
|
| B |
Increased blood flow to liver |
|
| C |
Increased blood flow to heart |
|
| D |
Increased blood flow to kidney |
Cyanide odor is of:
NEET 13
| A |
Rotten egg |
|
| B |
Fishy |
|
| C |
Fruity |
|
| D |
Bitter almond |
Cyanide antidote kit does not contain:
NIMHANS 14
| A |
Sodium thiosulfate |
|
| B |
Sodium nitrite |
|
| C | Sodium bicarbonate | |
| D |
Amyl nitrite |
The route of administration of amyl nitrite in cyanide poisoning is:
Karnataka 07
| A |
Intramuscular |
|
| B |
Intravenous |
|
| C |
Intradermal |
|
| D |
Inhalation |
At autopsy, the cyanide poisoning case will show the following features, except:
Himachal 10
| A |
Characteristic bitter lemon smell |
|
| B |
Congested organs |
|
| C |
Skin may be pinkish or cherry red in color |
|
| D |
Erosion and hemorrhages in esophagus and stomach |
HCN causes-
| A |
Histotoxic anoxia by inhibiting cytochrome oxidase |
|
| B |
Histotoxic anoxia by inhibiting succinyl oxidase |
|
| C |
Cytotoxic anoxia by inhibiting cytochrome oxidase |
|
| D |
Cytotoxic anoxia by inhibiting succinyl oxidase |
The cause of death in cyanide poisoning is :
| A |
Anoxic anoxia |
|
| B |
Anaemic anoxia |
|
| C |
Histotoxic anoxia |
|
| D |
Stagnant anoxia |
C i.e. Histotoxic-anoxia
Mechanism of action of sodium nitroprusside in cyanide poisoning –
| A |
Produces methemoglobinemia |
|
| B |
Increased blood flow to liver |
|
| C |
Increased blood flow to heart |
|
| D |
Increased blood flow to kidney |
Ans. is ‘a’ i.e., Produces methemoglobinemia
- Nitrates generate methaemoglobin which has high affinity for cyanide and forms cyanomethaemoglobin.
- Cynomethaemoglobin may again dissociate to release cyanide, therefore, sodium thiosulfate is given to form sod.
NEET 13
| A |
Rotten egg |
|
| B |
Fishy |
|
| C |
Fruity |
|
| D |
Bitter almond |
Ans. Bitter almond
Cyanide antidote kit does not contain:
NIMHANS 14
| A |
Sodium thiosulfate |
|
| B |
Sodium nitrite |
|
| C | Sodium bicarbonate | |
| D |
Amyl nitrite |
Ans. Sodium bicarbonate
The route of administration of amyl nitrite in cyanide poisoning is:
Karnataka 07
| A |
Intramuscular |
|
| B |
Intravenous |
|
| C |
Intradermal |
|
| D |
Inhalation |
Ans. Inhalation
- amyl nitrite by inhalation, are all effective in reversing the lethal effects of cyanide poisoning.
- 0.3 mL ampule crushed and contents poured onto a gauze and placed in front of patient’s mouth or endotracheal tube.
- DMAP and hydroxylamine hydrochloride are effective when given by the intramuscular route.
At autopsy, the cyanide poisoning case will show the following features, except:
Himachal 10
| A |
Characteristic bitter lemon smell |
|
| B |
Congested organs |
|
| C |
Skin may be pinkish or cherry red in color |
|
| D |
Erosion and hemorrhages in esophagus and stomach |
Ans. Characteristic bitter lemon smell
HCN causes-
| A |
Histotoxic anoxia by inhibiting cytochrome oxidase |
|
| B |
Histotoxic anoxia by inhibiting succinyl oxidase |
|
| C |
Cytotoxic anoxia by inhibiting cytochrome oxidase |
|
| D |
Cytotoxic anoxia by inhibiting succinyl oxidase |
Ans. is `a’ i.e., Histotoxic anoxia by inhibiting cytochrome oxidase
- Cyanide inhibits cellular respirationby inhibiting cytochrome oxidase, hence oxygen cannot be utilized by cells. Death is due to histotoxic (cytotoxic) anoxia. HCN is less effective if kept too long or if patient has achlorhydria. Fatal dose of HCN is 50-60 mg (or 300 mg NaCN/KCN). Potassium ferrocyanide is nonpoisonous salt of cyanide.