Question
Tumor marker for primary hepatocellular carcinoma are all except
| A. |
Alpha feto protein |
| B. |
Alpha 2 macroglobulin |
| C. |
PIVKA-2 |
| D. |
Neurotensin |
|
Correct Answer » D Explanation |
 |
D. Neurotensin
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Neurotensin is a neuropeptide that may be elevated in certain neuroendocrine tumors, pancreatic and colorectal cancers
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Not used in the diagnosis or monitoring of HCC
Primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is often diagnosed and monitored using a set of tumor markers. Some of these markers help in early detection, monitoring therapy response, and detecting recurrence.
Common Tumor Markers in HCC:
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Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)
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Most commonly used serum marker for HCC
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Elevated in up to 70% of HCC cases, especially with a tumor >3 cm
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PIVKA-II (Des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin)
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Abnormal form of prothrombin produced by HCC cells
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More specific than AFP in some cases
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Alpha-2-macroglobulin
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Part of the FibroTest or ActiTest, which assesses liver fibrosis
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Not a direct tumor marker, but may be included in panels for liver disease severity
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