Question
| A. | Broca’s area – Motor speech |
| B. |
Wernicke’s area – Sensory speech |
| C. |
Prefrontal cortex – Executive function |
| D. |
Occipital lobe – Memory |
|
Correct Answer � D Explanation |
 |
-
The occipital lobe is primarily responsible for visual processing.
-
It includes the primary visual cortex (area 17) and visual association areas (areas 18 and 19).
-
Memory, especially long-term declarative memory, is primarily associated with the hippocampus (in the medial temporal lobe) and prefrontal cortex.
Explanation of Other Options:
A. Broca’s area – Motor speech
-
Located in the inferior frontal gyrus (usually left hemisphere, areas 44 and 45).
-
Responsible for the motor production of speech.
-
Lesions cause Broca’s (expressive) aphasia – effortful, non-fluent speech with relatively preserved comprehension.
B. Wernicke’s area – Sensory speech
-
Located in the posterior part of the superior temporal gyrus (area 22).
-
Responsible for language comprehension.
-
Lesions cause Wernicke’s (receptive) aphasia – fluent but meaningless speech and poor comprehension.
C. Prefrontal cortex – Executive function
-
This area is critical for planning, decision-making, social behavior, personality, and working memory.
-
Damage can lead to personality changes, poor judgment, and disinhibition.