Functional Areas Of Cerebral Cortex

Functional Areas Of Cerebral Cortex


FUNCTIONAL AREAS OF CEREBRAL CORTEX

  • Cerebral cortex presents functionally specialized areas.
  • Three general kinds of functional area:
  1. Sensory areas
  2. Association areas
  3. Motor areas   
  • Sensory areas receive sensory input, motor areas control movement of muscles.
  • Association areas are involved with more complex functions such as learning, decision making and complex movements such as writing.
  • Each of the major senses has a specific brain region called a primary sensory cortex.
  • There are also multimodal association areasto process information.
  • These areas can be located on different lobes of cerebral hemisphere as given below:

FRONTAL    LOBE

  1. Primary motor        cortex
  2. Premotor cortex
  3. Supplementary      motor area
  4. Frontal eye field
  5. Broca’s motor        speech area
  6. Prefrontal area

Brodmann’s area 4

Areas 6,8

Areas 6,8

Area 6,8,9

Area 44, 45

Area 9,10,11,12

  • Located in precentral gyrus & anterior part of paracentral lobe.
  • Located anterior to precentral gyrus on latral surface.
  • Located on medial surface of paracentral lobule in front of area 4.
  • Located in posterior part of middle frontal gyrus.
  • Located in posterior part of inferior frontal gyrus.
  • Injury results in aphasia (inability to speak)
  • Located in anterior part of frontal lobe 

PARIETAL

LOBE

  1. Primary somatosensory cortex
  2. Somatosensory areas:These areas are:
  3. Superior parietal    lobule
  4. Supramarginal        gyrus
  5. Angular gyrus

Areas 3,1,2

Areas 5,7

Area 40

Area 39

  • Located in postcentral gyrus & posterior part of paracentral lobule

TEMPORAL LOBE

  1. Primary auditoryarea
  2.  Auditory association cortex

Areas 41, 42

Secondary auditory area ORarea 22

  • Located in the anterior part of transverse temporal gyri of Heschl & posterior part of temporal gyrus.
  • Includes Wernick’s speech area & is located in the posterior part of superior temporal gyrus.

OCCIPITAL LOBE

  1. Primary visual      cortex
  2. Visualassociation  area

Strike area, area 17

Secondary visual area OR area 18,19

  • Present in medial surface of occipital lobe on upper lip & lower lip of calcarine sulcus.
  • Include parastriate (area 18) & peristriate (area 19) areas of occipital lobe.
  • Also contains occipital eye field on lateral surface.

Exam Question

  • Locus coeruleus is the most important source of noradrenergic innervation to the cerebral cortex.
  • Broca’s area is formed of two minor gyri, called pars opercularis and pars triangularis, that lie in the posterior end of the inferior frontal gyrus. This area subserves expressive language function.
  • Area 8 (the frontal eye field) is concerned with eye movements.
  • Spongiform degeneration of cerebral cortex occurs in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
  • Trunk  has small representation in somatosensory area of cerebral cortex
Don’t Forget to Solve all the previous Year Question asked on Functional Areas Of Cerebral Cortex

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