Tag: AIIMS PG

B. A-2,b-1,c-4,d-3

C. A-2,b-3,c-1,d-4

D. a-3,b-1,c-2,d-4

Correct Answer » D Explanation

Ans: D. a-3,b-1,c-2,d-4
* All types of Burkitt lymphoma are characterized by dysregulation of the c-Myc gene by one of three chromosomal translocations. The most common variant is t(8;14), which accounts for about 85%of cases.
* Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a type of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL), comprising about 6%, Specifically, the translocation is at t(11;14)(q13;q32).
* Extranodal marginal zone lymphomas are commonly associated with chromosomal abnormalities with translocations at t(11;18)(q21;q21), t(1;14)(p22;q32), t(3;14)(p12;q32), and trisomy 3 or 18. 
* The chromosomal translocation t(14;18)(q32;q21) is characteristic of follicular lymphoma and a frequent abnormality in other types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL)

A. GO-Gl-S-G2-M

B. GO-GI-G2-S-M 

C. GO-M-G2-S-Gl 

D. GO-G1-S-M-G2 

Correct Answer » A Explanation

Ans: A. GO-Gl-S-G2-M
The eukaryotic cell cycle consists of four distinct phases: G₁ phase, S phase (synthesis), G₂ phase (collectively known as interphase) and M phase (mitosis and cytokinesis).

A. DMT-2

B. DMT-1

C. Ferroprotein 1

D. GLUT1 

Correct Answer » B Explanation

Ans: B. DMT-1

Iron is brought into the cell through an active transport process

Protein DMT-1 (Divalent Metal Transporter-1),

Expressed on the apical surface of enterocytes in initial part of duodenum.

DMT-1 is not specific to iron & transports other substances like zinc, copper, cobalt & manganese.

A. Apoptosis

B. Necrosis

C. Necroptosis

D. Ferroptosis

Correct Answer » A Explanation

Ans: A. Apoptosis
Apoptosis can be initiated through one of two pathways. In the intrinsic pathway the cell kills itself because it senses cell stress, while in the extrinsic pathway the cell kills itself because of signals from other cells.

A. Blasts 10-19% of WBC’s in peripheral blood

B. Basophils 10-19% of WBC’S in peripheral blood

C. Increasing spleen size unresponsive to therapy

D. Persistent thrombocytosis (>1000 x 109/L) unresponsive to therapy 

Correct Answer » D Explanation

Answer is D (Persistent thrombocytosis > 1000 x 10⁹/L positive to therapy)

Accelerated phase is associated with thrombocytopenia (9/L) and not thrombocytosis.

Although multivariate analysis derived criteria also place blood or marrow basophils > 20% in disease criteria, other criteria do consider marrow and peripheral basophils > 10% as a criteria and hence option (D) is the single best answer here.

Accelerated phase of CML: It is defined by the development of increasing degrees of anemia unaccounted for by bleeding or chemotherapy and is defined by several criteria. 

A. Platelets

B. Endothelial cells

C. Neutrophils

D. Monocytes

Correct Answer » B Explanation

Ans: B. Endothelial cells

Von willebrand factor (vWF)

* This is the larger component.

* It is produced by endothelial cells (main source) and megakaryocytes.

It has two major functions ?

* Helps in platelets adhesion by interacting with platelet membrane glycoprotein ib-IX.

* Stabilizes factor VIllc.

A. Increased TIBC, decreased serum ferritin

B. Decreased TIBC, decreased serum ferritin

C. Increased TIBC, increased serum ferritin

D. Decreased TIBC, increased serum ferritin

Correct Answer » A Explanation

Ans: A. Increased TIBC, decreased serum ferritin
* Iron deficiency anemia is associated with increased Total iron binding capacity (TIBC) and decreased ferritin.
* Ref: Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 17th Edition, Page 631, 663; Davidson’s principles and practice of Medicine, 20th Edition, Chapter 24, Page 1025-1027 &1030.

A. Are helper t cells

B. Oligoclonal proliferation

C. Antigen presentation

D. Opsonization

Correct Answer » B Explanation

Ans: B. Oligoclonal proliferation

A. Can be done in prone or lateral position

B. To find out infiltrative and granulomatous disorders

C. Breath holding not necessary

D. Contraindicated when platelet count is below 40,000

Correct Answer » D Explanation

Ans: D. Contraindicated when platelet count is below 40,000
CT-guided bone marrow biopsy is safe in thrombocytopenic patients, with a hemorrhagic complication rate below 1.6% for patients with a platelet count of 20,000–50,000/μL. Routine preprocedure platelet transfusion may not be necessary for patients with a platelet count of 20,000–50,000/μL.

A. HPV

B. CMV

C. Molluscum contagiosum

D. BK polyoma

1. Owl’s eye

2. Henderson–Patterson bodies

3. Decoy cell

4. Koilocytes 

B. a-4,b-1,c -3,d-4

C. a-4,b-1,c-2,d-3

D. a-4,b-2,c-1,d-3

Correct Answer » C Explanation

Ans: C. a-4,b-1,c-2,d-3
* Koilocytes, also known as halo cells, are a type of epithelial cell that develops following a human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Koilocytes are structurally different from other epithelial cells. For instance, their nuclei, which contain the cell’s DNA, are an irregular size, shape, or color.
* Owl’s eye appearance of inclusion bodies, which is highly specific for cytomegalovirus infection. Owl’s eye appearance of entire nucleus – a finding in Reed–Sternberg cells in individuals with Hodgkin’s lymphoma.
* Molluscum bodies, also called Henderson–Patterson bodies, are large, round cytoplasmic inclusions (within the enlarged cells of epidermis), which push the nucleus to the periphery.
* In BK Virus Infection condition the urinary sediment contains variable numbers of decoy cells sufficient to diagnose reactivation of the viral infection