Question
What is the cause of the wave(as marked by a red arrow) in the image?
A. Opening of tricupsid valve.
B. Active atrial contraction.
C. Passive atrial filling.
D. Atrial relaxation.
Show Answer
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Correct Answer » C Explanation |
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Ans: C. Passive atrial filling
The is a Jugular Venous Pulse pointing towards ‘V’ wave.
Jugular venous pulse
- It is defined as the oscillating top of vertical column of blood in the right Internal Jugular Vein (IJV) that reflects the pressure changes in the right atrium in cardiac cycle.
The normal JVP consists of 3 ascents or positive waves (a,c and v) and 2 descents or negative waves (x,x’ and y):
- a wave (ascent): due to active atrial contraction leading to retrograde blood flow into neck veins
- x wave (descent): Due to continued atrial relaxation
- c wave: due to impact of the carotid artery adjacent to the jugular vein and retrograde transmission of a positive wave in the right atrium produced by the right ventricular systole and the bulging of the tricuspid valve into the right atrium.
- x’ wave (descent): due to descent of floor of right atrium (tricuspid valve) during right ventricular systole and continued atrial relaxation
- v wave (ascent): due to passive atrial filling (venous filling)
- y wave (descent): due to opening of tricupsid valve and subsequent rapid inflow of blood from right atrium into the right ventricle leading to a sudden fall in right atrial pressure.