NEET PG – 84242

Correct Answer » B Explanation

Ans: B. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Hashimoto thyroiditis is the most common cause of hypothyroidism which is characterized by gradual thyroid failure secondary to the autoimmune destruction of the thyroid gland. 
It is most prevalent between the ages of 45 and 65 years and is more common in women than in men, ultimately leading to a varying degree of fibrosis and thyroid enlargement.
The thyroid usually is diffusely and symmetrically enlarged The cut surface is pale and gray-tan in appearance, and the tissue is firm and somewhat friable.
Microscopic examination reveals the widespread infiltration of the parenchyma by a mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate containing small lymphocytes, plasma cells, and well-developed germinal centers. 
The thyroid follicles are atrophic and are lined in many areas by epithelial cells distinguished by the presence of abundant eosinophilic, granular cytoplasm, termed Hurthle, or oxyphil cells.