ANTI-OBESITY DRUGS
| A | 30 | |
| B |
35 |
|
| C |
40 |
|
| D |
25 |
In morbid obesity, BMI is greater than
| A |
30 |
|
| B |
35 |
|
| C |
40 |
|
| D |
25 |
Ans.C. 40
Body mass index (BMI, measured as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared)
- World Health organization categorized BMI values into:
|
Classification |
BMI value |
|
Normal weight |
18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2 |
|
Underweight |
<18.5 |
|
Pre-obesity (Pre-OB) |
25 to 29.9 kg/m2 |
|
Obesity (OB) Class I obesity Class II obesity Class III obesity (Morbid form) |
> 30 kg/m2 30.0 – 34.9 kg/m2 35.0 – 39.9 kg/m2 More than 40 kg/m2 |
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Appetite is stimulated by all except
| A |
Agouti related peptide |
|
| B |
Melanocyte concentrating hormone |
|
| C |
Melanocyte stimulating hormone |
|
| D |
Neuropeptide Y |
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div class=”exp solution”>Explanation:Ans. is. C. Melanocyte stimulating hormone
[Ref: Ganong 22/e, p 238t; Guyton physiology 11/e, p 869t; Harrison 17/e, p 255, 463, 464; Obesity: Mechanisms & Clinical Management by Robert H. Eckel 2003 – p 129]
Melanocyte stimulating hormone (a-MSH) depresses appetite by acting centrally on satiety centre.
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Neurotransmitters & Hormones that influence feeding and satiety centres in the hypothalamus
Increase Feeding (Orexigenic)
Decrease Feeding (Anorexigenic)
Neuropeptide Y (NPY)
a-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (a-MSH)
Agouti-related protein (AGRP)
Leptin
Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH)
Serotonin
Orexins A and B
Norepinephrine
Endorphins
Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
Galanin (GAL)
Insulin
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p class=”Style3″>Amino acids (glutamate and 7-aminobutyri
ANTI-OBESITY DRUGS
ANTI-OBESITY DRUGS
| A | 30 | |
| B |
35 |
|
| C |
40 |
|
| D |
25 |
In morbid obesity, BMI is greater than
| A |
30 |
|
| B |
35 |
|
| C |
40 |
|
| D |
25 |
Ans.C. 40
Body mass index (BMI, measured as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared)
- World Health organization categorized BMI values into:
|
Classification |
BMI value |
|
Normal weight |
18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2 |
|
Underweight |
<18.5 |
|
Pre-obesity (Pre-OB) |
25 to 29.9 kg/m2 |
|
Obesity (OB) Class I obesity Class II obesity Class III obesity (Morbid form) |
> 30 kg/m2 30.0 – 34.9 kg/m2 35.0 – 39.9 kg/m2 More than 40 kg/m2 |
Appetite is stimulated by all except
| A |
Agouti related peptide |
|
| B |
Melanocyte concentrating hormone |
|
| C |
Melanocyte stimulating hormone |
|
| D |
Neuropeptide Y |
[Ref: Ganong 22/e, p 238t; Guyton physiology 11/e, p 869t; Harrison 17/e, p 255, 463, 464; Obesity: Mechanisms & Clinical Management by Robert H. Eckel 2003 – p 129]
Melanocyte stimulating hormone (a-MSH) depresses appetite by acting centrally on satiety centre.
|
Neurotransmitters & Hormones that influence feeding and satiety centres in the hypothalamus |
|
|
Increase Feeding (Orexigenic) |
Decrease Feeding (Anorexigenic) |
|
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) |
a-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (a-MSH) |
|
Agouti-related protein (AGRP) |
Leptin |
|
Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) |
Serotonin |
|
Orexins A and B |
Norepinephrine |
|
Endorphins |
Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) |
|
Galanin (GAL) |
Insulin |
|
Amino acids (glutamate and 7-aminobutyric |
Cholecystokinin (CCK)* |
|
acid) |
Glucagon-like peptide (GLP) |
|
Cortisol |
Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) |
|
Ghrelin |
Peptide YY (PYY)* |
|
Growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) |
Bombesin |
*CCK & PYY are mentioned as orexigenic in Harrison 17/e, p 464 but in Ganong & Guyton these are mentioned under anorexigenic peptides.
| A | Agouti — Related Peptide (AGRP) | |
| B | Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH) | |
| C | Melanin Concentrating Hormone (MCH) | |
| D | Neuropeptide Y |
| A | Sibutarmine | |
| B | Olestra | |
| C | Fenfluramine | |
| D | All of the above |
The following drugs are used in obesity, except:
| A |
Orlistat |
|
| B |
Sibutramine |
|
| C |
Olestra |
|
| D |
Neuropeptide Y Agonist |
Neuropeptide Y Antagonist are used in the medical management of obesity; Neuropeptide Y Agonist are not anti-obesity drugs.
While Orlistat, Silbutramine and Olestra are used in the treatment of obesity.
Ref: K D Tripathi Textbook of Pharmacology, 5th Edition, Pages 117-18; Obesity: Pathophysiology, Psychology and Treatment By George L. Blackburn, Beatrice Stefannie Kanders, Pages 283-99
3. Concise Dictionary of Pharmacological Agents: Properties and Synonyms By Dr. Ian Morton, Ian K. M. Morton, Judith M. Hall, Dr. Judith Hall, Page 192
Drugs used in the treatment of obesity in a 36 year old man is/are which of the following?
| A |
Orlistat |
|
| B |
Sibutramine |
|
| C |
Rimonabant |
|
| D |
All of the above |
Orlistat is the saturated derivative of lipstatin, a potent natural inhibitor of pancreatic lipases isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces toxytricini.
Its primary function is preventing the absorption of fats from the human diet, thereby reducing caloric intake.
It is intended for use in conjunction with a physician-supervised reduced-calorie diet.
Sibutramine is a centrally-acting serotonin-nor epinephrine reuptake inhibitor, structurally related to amphetamines.
It reduces the reuptake of serotonin, nor epinephrine, and dopamine, thereby increasing the levels of these substances in synaptic clefts and helping enhance satiety.
Rimonabant is an anorectic antiobesity drug that has been withdrawn from the market. It is an inverse agonist for the cannabinoid receptor CB1. Its main effect is reduction in appetite.
Sibutramine belongs to which group of drugs according to it’s indication of use?
| A |
Antipsychotic |
|
| B |
Antihypertensive |
|
| C |
Anti-Obesity |
|
| D |
Anti-Diabetic |
Sibutramine is a centrally acting anorectic drug which was used as anti obesity drug.
- The target site of action is ventromedial and lateral hypothalamic regions in the CNS.
- It functions as a serotonin and nor epinephrine reuptake inhibitor.
- It was withdrawn from US market in October 2010, due to an increased risk of non fatal myocardial infarction and non fatal stroke among individuals with pre existing cardiovascular disease.
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div class=”question”>Q. 8
What should be t
