ASHA
ACCREDITED SOCIAL HEALTH ACTIVIST (ASHA):
- Central component of the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM)
- Selected from the village itself and accountable to it, the ASHA will be trained to work as an interface between the community and the public health system.
KEY CMPONENTS OF ASHA:
- Must primarily be a woman resident of the village – married/ widowed/ divorced, preferably in the age group of 25 to 45 years.
- Literate woman with formal education up to class eight. This may be relaxed only if no suitable person with this qualification is available.
- First port of call for any health related demands of deprived sections of the population, especially women and children, who find it difficult to access health services
- ASHA will be a health activist in the community who will create awareness on health and its social determinants and mobilize the community towards local health planning and increased utilization and accountability of the existing health services. She would be a promoter of good health practices.
- Angan-Wadi Workers (AWW) and Auxiliary Nurse Midwife (ANM) act as resource persons far training of ASHA
- In tribal, hilly, desert areas the norm could be relaxed to one ASHA per habitation, dependant on workload etc.
- ASHA would be an honorary volunteer and would not receive any salary or honorarium.
- Her work would be so tailored that it does not interfere with her normal livelihood.
ROLE OF ASHA:
- To act as a link between health system and community especially poor sections of society and assist in service utilization.
- To counsel women :To provide a defined package of village based services within the framework of primary health care.
- Birth preparedness
- Importance of safe delivery
- Breastfeeding and complementary feeding
- Immunization
- Contraception and prevention of common infections including Reproductive Tract Infection/ Sexually Transmitted Infection ( RTIs/STI s) and care of the young child
- Arrange escort/accompany pregnant women & children requiring treatment/ admission to the nearest pre-identified health facility i.e. Primary Health Centre/ Community Health Centre/ First Referral Unit (PHC/CHC /FRU).
- Depot holder for essential provisions being made available to every habitation like Oral Rehyd ration Therapy (ORS), Iron Folic Acid Tablet (IFA), chloroquine, Disposable Delivery Kits (DDK), Oral Pills & Condoms, etc. A Drug Kit will be provided to each ASHA.
- To generate demand on key determinants of health.
- Primary medical care for minor ailments such as diarrhoea, fevers, and first aid for minor injuries.
- She will be a provider of Directly Observed Treatment Short-course (DOTS) under Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme
- A Female Health Activist in the community
- Create awareness on health
- Mobilize the community for utilization of the existing health services.
- One ASHA to cover 1000 population.
Eligibility for ASHA
- Female
- Resident of the village
- Married/Widow/Divorced
- Preferably in the age group of 25 to 45 years
- Formal education up to eighth class.
ASHA: MY EIGHT TASKS
- Village Health Plan (VHP)
- Communication For Health Behaviour Change(BCC)
- Linkage with other stakeholders
- Counselling
- Escorting patients to hospital
- Primary medical care
- Act as depot holder
- Records and registration
INCENTIVES TO ASHA: A Honorary Volunteer
- Training & Meetings Rs 100 per day
- Registration of Early Pregnancy ANC Checkup Rs 200 per case Rs 25case for 2nd 3rd
- ANC Institutional Delivery (Govt. or Accredited private Inst.) Rs 200 per case
- Rs 400 for accompanying pregnant women for delivery
- Full post natal checkup Rs 50
- Vaccination DPT/Polio/MeaslesRs 25 for each dose Rs 20 and Rs 10 for boosters Sterilization Rs 150 for female & Rs 200 for male
- IUD insertion Rs 25
- Safe MTP(Govt or Accredited private Institution) Rs 100
- Catract Operation Rs 150
- DOT provider Rs 250 per year per case
- Birth and Death Registration Rs 15 per case
- RTI/STI Referral Rs 10 Toilet promotion fee Rs 50 for APL family and Rs 100 for BPL family
- Monthly Village Health Nutrition Day (MVHND) Rs. 100 per MVHND
Monitoring and evaluation of ASHA’s work
1. Process Indicators:
- Number of ASHAs selected by due process
- Number of ASHAs trained
- % of ASHAs attending review meeting after one year
2. Outcome Indicators:
- % of newborn who were weighed and families counselled
- % of children with diarrhoea who received ORS.
- % of deliveries with skilled assistance
- % of institutional deliveries
- % of JSY (Janani Suraksha Yojna) claims made to ASHA.
- % of completely immunized in 12-23 months of age group
- IMR% of unmet need for spacing contraception among BPL
- % of fever cases who received chloroquine within the first week in malaria detected area.
3. Impact Indicators:
- IMR
- Child malnutrition rates
- Number of cases of TB /Leprosy detected as compared to previous year.
Exam Important
- Infant mortality rate is the ‘impact’ indicator for evaluation of ASHA’s performance
- ASHA workers were trained to deliver under NRHM
- ASHA is posted at Village level
- Under Janani suraksha yojana Scheme, amount of financial incentive to ASHA per institutional delivery in low performing state is Rs. 200
- Resource person for Training ofASHA are Angan-Wadi Workers (AWW) and Auxiliary Nurse Midwife (ANM)
- ASHA workers are 1 /1000 population
- ASHA workers act as mobiliser of antenatal care
- ASHA are Female voluntary worker
- Best indicator to assess the impact of ASHA is Infant mortality rate
- ASHA gets remuneration on Institutional delivery, Recording birth weight & Birth registration
- Full form of ASHA is Accredited social health activist
- ASHA Informs about birth and deaths in her village to PHC
- ASHA are Local resident
- ASHA should be between 25-45 years of age
- % of institutional deliveries of ASHA is outcome indicator for ASHA
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