CNS DEPRESSANTS: Barbiturate poisoning & Chloral hydrate
| A | Mitochondria | |
| B |
Endoplasmic reticulum |
|
| C |
Golgi apparatus |
|
| D |
Nucleolus |
Barbiturate ingestion is associated with hypertrophy of which cellular organelle?
| A |
Mitochondria |
|
| B |
Endoplasmic reticulum |
|
| C |
Golgi apparatus |
|
| D |
Nucleolus |
Hypertrophy usually refers to increase in size of cells or tissues, but sometimes a subcellular organelle may undergo selective hypertrophy. Individuals treated with drugs such as barbiturates show hypertrophy of the smooth endoplamic reticulum (ER) in hepatocytes, which is an adaptive response that increases the amount of enzymes (cytochrome P-450 mixed function oxidases) available to detoxify the drugs.
Ref: Robbins, 8th edition, Chapter 1.
The following are true about chloral hydrate except
| A |
Peculiar pungent odour |
|
| B |
Crystalline |
|
| C |
Used as hypnotic |
|
| D |
Sweetish taste |
D i.e. Sweetish taste
Chloral hydrate (a hypnotic drug) sometimes known as dry wineQ is used in alcohol to produce sleep. Its action is so rapid that it has been given the name “knock out drops”Q. Chloral hydrate rapidly deteriorates after death. Chemical of the viscera should therefore be done as a matter of urgency.
| A |
Hypothermia |
|
| B |
Hypertension |
|
| C |
Coma |
|
| D |
Non-reactive pupil |
B i.e. Hypertension
Barbiturates cause hypotension not hypertension.Q
Breathing seen in barbiturate poisoning:
CMC (Vellore) 14
| A |
Rapid and deep |
|
| B |
Slow and shallow |
|
| C |
Normal breathing |
|
| D |
Rapid and shallow |
Ans. Rapid and shallow
