CONJUNCTIVA

 CONJUNCTIVA

• Conjunctiva is a thin mucous membrane that covers the posterior surface of eyelids & anterior surface of eyeball.
• The conjunctiva is divided into:

1. Palpebral conjunctiva:

• Begins from the anterior margin of the edge of lids & covers the posterior surface of eyelid.

Palbebral conjunctiva is divided into:

1. Marginal conjunctiva
2. Tarsal conjunctiva
3. Orbital conjunctiva

2. Conjunctiva fornix: this is a continuous circular cul-de-sac uniting the palpebral & bulbar conjunctiva.

3. Bulbar conjunctiva:

• Covers anterior part of eyeball over visible part of sclera & limbus.
• Part of bulbar conjunctiva around cornea (over limbus) is called limbal conjunctiva.

 

• Epithelial lining of conjunctiva is stratified non- keratinized epithelium which varies from region to region.

Important cells of conjunctiva are:

1. Goblet cells: most dense nasally
2. Melanocytes: found in conjunctiva at limbus, fornix, caruncle & at the site of entry of anterior ciliary vessels.
3. Langerhans cells: in all parts of conjunctiva.

Normal bacterial flora of conjunctiva includes:

1. Resident flora: Coagulase negative staphylococci (most common), micrococci, hemophilus, corynebacteriumm.
2. Transient flora: Bacillus, S.viridans, pseudomonas

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