OEDEMA

• Edema is an accumulation of interstitial fluid within tissues (5-6 litres)
• Edema develops when plasma protein is below 5 gm/dl.
• Edema is of 2 main types-

1. Localised
2. Generalised (anasarca)

• Edema fluid is of 2 types-

1. Transudate
2. Exudate 

Pathogenesis-

D1. ecreased plasma oncotic pressure-

E.g.

• Oedema in renal diseases- nephritic & nephritic syndrome
• Ascites of liver disease (cirrhosis)

2. Increased capillary hydrostatic pressure-

E.g.-

• Oedema of cardiac disease
• Passive congestion
• Postural edema

3. Lymphatic obstruction-

• It results in lymohoedema.
• E.g. inflammation of lymphatics seen in filariasis results in lymphoedema of scrotum & legs.

              b)Milroy’s disease or hereditary lymphoedema

4. Tissue factor

• E.g. Increased oncotic pressure of interstitial fluid

5. Increased capillary permeability-

• E.g. Inflammatory oedema, Angioneurotic oedema

6. Sodium & water retention-

• Oedema of renal disease- nephritic disease & nephritic syndrome
• Cirrhosis of liver
• Congestive cardiac failure.

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