Question
A 30 yr old woman on exposure to cold has the pallor of extremities followed by pain and cyanosis. In later stages of life she is most prone to develop:
| A. |
SLE
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| B. |
Scleroderma
|
| C. |
Rheumatoid arthritis
|
| D. |
Dermatomyositis
|
Show Answer
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Correct Answer � B
Explanation
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|
Ans. B
Above clinical symptoms are s/o Raynaud’s phenomenon.
Raynaud phenomenon manifests as recurrent vasospasm of the fingers and toes and usually occurs in response to stress or cold exposure.
There are 2 distinct types :
1.Primary – Raynaud disease
2.Secondary – Raynaud phenomenon.
Raynaud disease is characterized by the occurrence of the vasospasm alone, with no association with another illness.
Secondary Raynaud phenomenon is a designation usually used in the context of vasospasm associated with another illness, most commonly an autoimmune disease.
The cause of primary Raynaud phenomenon remains unknown
Possible causes for secondary Raynaud can be divided into several broad categories, including the following:
Occupational
Hematologic
Collagen-vascular (autoimmune) Medication-induced (eg, cisplatin, bleomycin, beta-blockers) Miscellaneous syndromes such as Fabry disease,pheochromocytoma, lung adenocarcinoma, acromegaly, carpal tunnel syndrome, and myxedema
Raynaud phenomenon has been described with various autoimmune diseases, the most common association is with progressive systemic sclerosis (90% in individuals with scleroderma) and mixed connective tissue disease (85% prevalence). Raynaud phenomenon has also been described with such diverse diseases as systemic lupus erythematosus and other disorders not classified as autoimmune, including frostbite, vibration injury, polyvinyl chloride exposure, and cryoglobulinemia.
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