Question
A 55-year-old man presents with increasing shortness of breath, decreased urine output, malaise, nausea, and vomiting. He has a history of hypertension, chronic renal failure, and coronary artery disease. His laboratory data reveal very high urea and creatinine, consistent with acute on chronic renal failure. He also notes having intermittent “twitching” in his arms and legs that started recently. What is this type of seizure known as?
| A. |
simple partial seizure
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| B. |
complex partial seizures
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| C. |
tonic-clonic (grand mal) seizures
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| D. |
myoclonic seizures
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Show Answer
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Correct Answer � D
Explanation
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Ans. (D)
Myoclonic seizures are sudden, brief, single, or repetitive muscle contractions involving one body part or the entire body. Loss of consciousness does not occur unless other types of seizures coexist. These seizures can be idiopathic or associated with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, uremia, hepatic failure, subacute leukoencephalopathies, and some hereditary disorders. Recent evidence has linked a variant form of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease with bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), a prion disease of cattle. This variant form usually presents with ataxia and behavior changes before myoclonus and dementia.
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