MCQ – 99242

In endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography endoscope used is:

A.	End viewing
B.	Side viewing
C.	Rigid
D.	Front viewing

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Correct Answer � B Explanation

• Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a specialized procedure used to:

  • Diagnose and treat biliary and pancreatic ductal diseases.

  • Visualize and intervene in cases of choledocholithiasis, strictures, pancreatitis, and biliary leaks.

Why a Side-viewing Endoscope is Used:

• Side-viewing duodenoscopes provide optimal visualization of the ampulla of Vater (major duodenal papilla) in the second part of the duodenum.

• The side-facing lens aligns the instrument channel and accessories (e.g., cannulas, sphincterotomes) directly toward the biliary and pancreatic ducts.

• This allows precise cannulation, sphincterotomy, stent placement, and stone extraction.

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

A. End-viewing / Front-viewing (D)

• Standard gastroscopes are typically front-viewing.

• These do not allow effective alignment with the ampulla, making cannulation difficult or impossible.

C. Rigid

• Rigid endoscopes are used in ENT, urology, and some laparoscopic procedures, not in ERCP.

• ERCP requires a flexible side-viewing endoscope to navigate the upper GI tract and duodenum.