Methyl Alcohol Poisoning
| A | Saturate alkaline phosphatase | |
| B |
Blocks formation of formaldehyde |
|
| C |
Inhibit Ca release |
|
| D |
All of the above |
Mechanism of action of ethyl alcohol in methyl alcohol poisoning is:
| A |
Saturate alkaline phosphatase |
|
| B |
Blocks formation of formaldehyde |
|
| C |
Inhibit Ca release |
|
| D |
All of the above |
Which of the following is not used in methyl alcohol poisoning :
| A |
Gastric lavage |
|
| B |
Dialysis |
|
| C |
Ethyl alcohol |
|
| D |
High does of vitamin B12 |
D i.e. High dose vit B12
Best method of treatment of Methyl alcohol poisoning is :
| A |
Calcium gluconate |
|
| B |
Ethyl alcohol |
|
| C |
Amphetamines |
|
| D |
1 % Ammonia |
B i.e. Ethyl alcohol
- Methanol poisoning can be treated with fomepizole, or if unavailable, ethanol. Both drugs act to reduce the action of alcohol dehydrogenase on methanol by means of competitive inhibition.
- Ethanol, the active ingredient in alcoholic beverages, acts as a competitive inhibitor by more effectively binding and saturating the alcohol dehydrogenase enzyme in the liver, thus blocking the binding of methanol.
- Methanol is excreted by the kidneys without being converted into the very toxic metabolites formaldehyde and formic acid. Alcohol dehydrogenase instead enzymatically converts ethanol to acetaldehyde, a much less toxic organic molecule.
- Additional treatment may include sodium bicarbonate for metabolic acidosis, and hemodialysis or hemodiafiltration to remove methanol and formate from the blood. Folinic acid or folic acid is also administered to enhance the metabolism of formate
In methyl alcohol poisoning there is CNS depression, cardiac depression and optic nerve atrophy. These effects are produced due to ‑
| A | Formaldehyde and formic acid | |
| B |
Acetaldehyde |
|
| C |
Pyridine |
|
| D |
Acetic acid |
Ans. is ‘a’ i.e., Formaldyhyde and formic acid
o Methyl alcohol (methanol) is metabolized to formaldehyde by alcohol dehydrogenase and then to formic acid by aldehyde dehydrogenase. These compounds are responsible for the toxicity. Formic acid can lead to coma and blindness also. Therefore, inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase, Femepizole is used for treatment of methanol over dose.
AIIMS 13
| A |
Effects are due to formic acid |
|
| B |
Fomepizole competitively inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase |
|
| C |
Metabolic acidosis |
|
| D |
Blindness |
Ans. Fomepizole competitively inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase
