MUSCLES OF FOOT
| A | Flex IP joints and extends MCP joint | |
| B |
1st and 2nd supplied by radial nerve |
|
| C |
3 and 4 supplied by superficial branch of ulnar |
|
| D |
Origin from tendons of flexor digitorum profundus |
True about lumbricals is
| A |
Flex IP joints and extends MCP joint |
|
| B |
1st and 2nd supplied by radial nerve |
|
| C |
3 and 4 supplied by superficial branch of ulnar |
|
| D |
Origin from tendons of flexor digitorum profundus |
Origin from tendons of flexor digitorum profundus*
| Origin | Radial aspects of tendons of flexor digitorum profundus |
| Insertion | Dorsal aponeurosis of digits 2-5 |
| Innervation |
Lumbricals 1–2: Median nerve (C8, T1)
Lumbricals 3–4: Ulnar nerve (C8-T1) Mnemonic: ‘1 2 me, 3 4 u‘ (One to me, three for you) |
| Function |
Metacarpophalangeal joints 2-5: Finger flexion;
Interphalangeal joints 2-5: Finger extension |
Among the following, the structure that passes deep to the flexor retinaculum is:
| A | Tibialis anterior | |
| B |
Tibialis posterior |
|
| C |
Peroneus brevis |
|
| D |
Peroneus longus |
Tibialis posterior
The muscle that acts primarily as an evertor of ankle inserted into the medial cuneiform is which of the following?
| A |
Peroneus longus |
|
| B |
Peroneus brevis |
|
| C |
Tibialis anterior |
|
| D |
Tibialis posterior |
The peroneus longus and brevis act primarily as evertors, with the peroneus brevis being the stronger of the two. In the question, the evertor inserted to the medial cuneiform, which is peroneus longus.
The peroneus brevis inserts on the base of the fifth metatarsal and the peroneus longus courses under the cuboid to insert on the base of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform.
The tibialis anterior is the dorsiflexor of foot at the ankle joint. It is the invertor of the foot at the midtarsal and subtalar joints.
Tibialis posterior is the principal invertor of the foot.
Among the following, the structure that passes deep to the flexor retinaculum is?
| A |
Tibialis anterior |
|
| B |
Tibialis posterior |
|
| C |
Peroneus brevis |
|
| D |
Peroneus longus |
Tibialis posterior is the deepest and most centrally located muscle in the deep posterior compartment of the leg. It arises from the upper posterior aspect of tibia, fibula and interosseous membrane and passes medially deep to the flexor retinaculum. Its tendons flares and inserts into the navicular, tarsal bones, and bases of the second, to fourth metatarsals.
- Tibialis posterior tendon
- Flexor digitorum longus tendon
- Flexor hallucis longus tendon
- Posterior tibial artery
- Tibial nerve.
| A |
Popliteus |
|
| B |
Gastrocnemius |
|
| C |
Tibialis anterior |
|
| D |
Iliopsoas |
Gastrocnemius muscle attaches proximally to the femoral condyles; distally, it attaches to the calcaneus bone via the calcaneal tendon. The gastrocnemius muscle plantar flexes the foot and flexes the knee. It runs from its two heads just above the knee to the heel, and is involved in standing, walking, running and jumping. The tibial nerve (S1 and S2) innervates this muscle.
A sesamoid bone is present in the tendon of which of the following muscles?
| A |
Flexor hallucis longus. |
|
| B |
Extensor hallucis brevis. |
|
| C |
Adductor hallucis |
|
| D |
Flexor hallucis brevis |
Sesamoids are found in locations where a tendon passes over a joint, such as the hand, knee, and foot. In the foot, the first metatarsal bone usually has two sesamoid bones at its connection to the big toe (both within the tendon of flexor hallucis brevis).
Violent inversion of the foot will lead to avulsion of tendon of which the following muscle attached to the tuberosity of the 5th metatarsal?
| A |
Peroneus brevis |
|
| B |
Peroneus longus |
|
| C |
Peroneus tertius |
|
| D |
Extensor digitorum brev |
A i.e. Peroneus brevis
Violent inversion of foot may cause avulsion of tuberosity of 5n1, metatarsal base, the insertion of peroneus (fibularis) brevis muscleQ.
| A |
Gastrocnemius |
|
| B |
Soleus |
|
| C |
Plantaris |
|
| D |
A and c both |
A i.e. Gastrocnemius C i.e. Plantaris
Muscle(s) causing dorsiflexion of foot is/are:
| A |
Extensor digitorum longus |
|
| B |
Extensor hallucis longus |
|
| C |
Tibialis anterior |
|
| D |
All |
A i.e. Extensor digitorum longus; B i.e. Extensor hallucis longus; C i.e. Tibialis anterior
Planter flaxion is brought about by which of these muscles:
| A |
Plantaris |
|
| B |
FHL |
|
| C |
Soleus |
|
| D |
All |
A. i.e. Plantans; B. i.e. FHL; C. i.e. Soleus
Action of tibialis anterior ‑
| A |
Plantar flexion of foot |
|
| B |
Adduction of foot |
|
| C |
Inversion of foot |
|
| D |
None of the above |
Ans. is ‘c’ i.e., Inversion of foot
Which flexor muscle is attached to hook of hamate‑
| A |
Flexor pollicis brevis |
|
| B |
Flexor pollicis longus |
|
| C |
Flexor digiti minimi |
|
| D |
Flexor carpi ulnaris |
Ans. is ‘c’ i.e., Flexor digiti minimi
Which is called as peripheral heart ‑
| A |
Popliteus |
|
| B |
Soleus |
|
| C |
Plantaris |
|
| D |
None |
Ans. is ‘b’ i.e., Soleus
Soleus is known as ‘peripheral heart’ as it helps in venous return from lower limb.
