Mycobacteria other than Tuberculosis-MOTTS/Atypical mycobacteria

Mycobacteria other than Tuberculosis-MOTTS/Atypical mycobacteria


Runyon Classification of Mycobacteria: 

TB complex

  • M tuberculosis 
  • M africanum
  • M bovis

Photochromogens

  • M asiaticum
  • M kansasii
  • M marinum 
  • M simiae 

Scotochromogens

  • M flavescens 
  • M gordonae 
  • M scrofulaceum 
  • M szulgai 

Nonchromogens 

  • M avium complex 
  • M celatum 
  • M haemophilum 
  • M gastri 
  • M genavense 
  • M malmoense 
  • M nonchromogenicum 
  • M shimoidei 
  • M terrae 
  • M trivale
  • M ulcerans
  • M xenopi

Rapid growers 

  • M abscessus 
  • M fortuitum group 
  • M chelonae group
  • M phlei
  • M smegmatis
  • M vaccae

Diseases

Mycobacterium marinum/M.balanei

  • Aquarium granuloma/ Fishtank granuloma/swimming pool granuloma
  • The person usually has a history of exposure to swimming pools, salt water aquarium, or ocean fish.
  • The lesions appear as reddish bumps (papules) that slowly grow into purplish nodules.
  • A skin biopsy and culture is usually needed to confirm the diagnosis. A PPD tuberculin skin test will usually be positive.
M. chelonae, M.fortuitum M.abscessus

  • Rapidly growing atypical mycobacteria causing lung infections 

Saprophytic mycobacteria not associated with human illness.

  • M. phlei  
  • M. smegmatis
  • M. gordona
  • M. paratuberculosis
M. Kansasii

  • Produce pulmonary and systemic disease indistinguishable from tuberculosis

Mycobacterium bovis 

  • Equally pathogenic to   M tuberculosis  for humans. 
Mycobacterium ulcerans
  • Causative organism for Buruli ulcer disease.
  • Third most frequent mycobacterial pathogen, after M. tuberculosis and M. leprae.
  • Children are most often affected
  • . Infected individuals develop severe ulceration involving the skin and subcutaneous tissue that is often progressive unless treated effectively.
  • Surgical excision and grafting are usually needed. Antimicrobial treatment is often unsuccessful

Exam Important

Runyon Classification of Mycobacteria: 

TB complex

  • M tuberculosis 
  • M africanum
  • M bovis

Photochromogens

  • M asiaticum
  • M kansasii
  • M marinum 
  • M simiae 

Scotochromogens

  • M flavescens 
  • M gordonae 
  • M scrofulaceum 
  • M szulgai 

Nonchromogens 

  • M avium complex 
  • M celatum 
  • M haemophilum 
  • M gastri 
  • M genavense 
  • M malmoense 
  • M nonchromogenicum 
  • M shimoidei 
  • M terrae 
  • M trivale
  • M ulcerans
  • M xenopi

Rapid growers 

  • M abscessus 
  • M fortuitum group 
  • M chelonae group
  • M phlei
  • M smegmatis
  • M vaccae

Diseases

Mycobacterium marinum/M.balanei

  • Aquarium granuloma/ Fishtank granuloma/swimming pool granuloma
M. chelonae, M.fortuitum M.abscessus

  • Rapidly growing atypical mycobacteria causing lung infections 

Saprophytic mycobacteria not associated with human illness.

  • M. phlei  
  • M. smegmatis
  • M. gordona
  • M. paratuberculosis
M. Kansasii

  • Produce pulmonary and systemic disease indistinguishable from tuberculosis

Mycobacterium bovis 

  • Equally pathogenic to   M tuberculosis  for humans. 
Mycobacterium ulcerans
  • Causative organism for Buruli ulcer disease.
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