Neisseria Meningitidis
| A | It is the most common cause of meningitis in children | |
| B |
All strains are uniformly sensitive to sulfonamides |
|
| C |
Vaccines are contraindicated in immunosuppressed |
|
| D |
In India serotype B is most common cause |
Which of the following is TRUE regarding Neisseria meningitidis infection?
| A |
It is the most common cause of meningitis in children |
|
| B |
All strains are uniformly sensitive to sulfonamides |
|
| C |
Vaccines are contraindicated in immunosuppressed |
|
| D |
In India serotype B is most common cause |
For children >3 months old, the most common organisms are S. pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Staphylococcus aureus, with a lower incidence of S. pneumoniae meningitis since routine vaccinations with the conjugate vaccine.
| A |
Capsular polysaccharide |
|
| B |
Pili |
|
| C |
Lipopolysaccharide and outer Membrane |
|
| D |
Low-molecular-weight outer membrane proteins |
Meningitis is the most common complication of meningococcemia.
Vaccine is NOT available against which serotype of Neisseria meningitidis?
| A |
A |
|
| B |
B |
|
| C |
C |
|
| D |
Y |
Bivalent (groups A and C) or tetravalent (against groups A, C, Y and W-135) vaccines are available for protection against meningococcal meningitis.
| A |
Lactose fermentation |
|
| B |
Maltose fermentation |
|
| C |
Mannitol fermentation |
|
| D |
Sucrose fermentation |
Ans. is ‘b’ i.e., Maltose fermentation
Skin lesion in meningococcal meningitidis is due to‑
| A |
Exotoxin |
|
| B |
Endotoxin |
|
| C |
Allergic reaction |
|
| D |
Direct vascular Damage |
Ans. is ‘b’ i.e., Endotoxin
- Fulminant meningococcemia (purpura fulminans or Waterhouse – Friderichsen syndrome) is the most rapidly lethal form of septic shock experienced by humans. It differs from most otherform ofseptic shock by the prominance of hemorrhagic skin lesions (petechiae, purpura) and the consistent development of DIC.
- The pathogenic agent appears to be the endotoxin (LPS) released by autolysis. It is a proinflammatory molecule, that stimulates monocytes, neutrophils and endothelial cells to release cytokines like IL – 1, TNF- IF -land IL – 8. Remember —> Capsular polysacchoride is the major virulence factor for meningococci.
| A |
Neisseria meningitidis |
|
| B |
H. influenzae |
|
| C |
Strep agalactiae |
|
| D |
Pneumococcus |
Ans. is ‘a’ i.e., Neisseria meningitidis
-
Hemorrhagic skin lesions/rash (petechiae, purpura) is seen in meningococcal infection. It is due to underlying septicemia.
-
Fulminant mia(purpura fulminans or Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome)is the most rapidly lethal form
-
of septic shock experienced by humans. It differs from most other forms of septic shock by the prominence of hemorrhagic skin lesions (petechiae purpura) and the consistent development of DIC.
-
The pathogenic agent appears to be the endotoxin (LPS) released by autolysis. It is a proinflammatory molecule, that
-
stimulates monocytes, neutrophils and endothelial cells to release cytokines like IL-1, TNF-c, IF-y and IL – 8.
| A |
Klebsiella |
|
| B |
E. coli |
|
| C |
Neisseria meningitidis |
|
| D |
Staphylococcus |
Ans. is ‘c’ i.e., Neisseria meningitidis
- Epidemics of Neisseria meningitidis usually occur in closed crowded conditions like jails or army camps.
September 2003
| A |
H. influenzae |
|
| B |
N. meningitidis |
|
| C |
Staph. aureus |
|
| D |
Group B streptococci |
Ans. B i.e. N. meningitidis
Acute pyogenic (bacterial) meningitidis
- The micro-organism that cause acute pyogenic meningitis vary with the age of the affected individual.
- In neonates, they include Escherichia coli and the group B streptococci
- At the other extreme of life, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Listeria monocytogenes are more common.
- Among adolescents and in young adults, Neisseria meningitides is the most common pathogen, with clusters of cases causing frequent public health concerns.
March 2013 (c)
| A | Mycobacterium tuberculosis | |
| B |
Neisseria gonorrhoeae |
|
| C |
Neisseria meningitidis |
|
| D |
Mycobacterium leprae |
Ans. B i.e. Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome is seen in ‑
| A |
Pneumococci |
|
| B |
N. meningitidis |
|
| C |
Pseudomonas |
|
| D |
Yersinia |
Ans. is ‘b’ i.e., N. meningitidis
Waterhouse–Friderichsen syndrome (WFS) is defined as adrenal gland failure due to bleeding into the adrenal glands, commonly caused by a severe bacterial infection. Typically, it is caused by Neisseria meningitides. The bacterial infection leads to massive bleeding into one or (usually) both adrenal glands.
- Fulminant meningococcemia (purpura fulminans or Waterhouse – Friderichsen syndrome) is the most rapidly lethal form of septic shock experienced by humans.
- It differs from most other forms of septic shock by the prominence of hemorrhagic skin lesions (petechiae, purpura) and the consistent development of DIC.
