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The app is regularly updated to align with the latest NEET PG exam patterns and includes new questions as per evolving trends in medical entrance exams.

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MedicoApps includes authentic previous year questions from NEET PG, NeXT PG, INI CET, and FMGE exams, spanning from 2012 to 2025.

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Vitamin B3- metabolism

VITAMIN B3 (NIACIN)

Vitamin B3 is also called as Nicotinic acid or nicotinamide.
Niacin can be synthesized tryptophan (1mg of the niacin formed from 60mg of tryptophan)
Active form of niacin-

NAD+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide)
NADP+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate)

Coenzymes involved in reactions-

Oxidoreduction reaction-

i) NAD+ linked dehydrogenases-

Isocitrate dehydrogenase
Malate dehydrogenase
α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
glutamate dehydrogenase
glyceraldehydes-3- P dehydrogenase
lactate dehydrogenase
β-hydroxyl acyl CoA dehydrogenase

ii) NADP+ linked dehydrogenases-

Glucose-6-P dehydrogenase in HMP shunt pathway

2. ADP ribosylation

Metabolism & Excretions-

Nicotinamide excreted in urine are N¹–methyl nicotinamide and N¹–methyl 2-pyridone 5-carboxamide (2-pyridine).
N-methyl nicotinamide metabolized to methylpyridone-2- and 4-carboxamide
Nicotinic acid conjugated with glycine to form nicotinuric acid
Nicotinic acid methylated to trignonelline.
Daily recommended dose – 20mg/day

Exam Important

Vitamin B3 is also called as Nicotinic acid or nicotinamide.
Niacin can be synthesized tryptophan (1mg of the niacin formed from 60mg of tryptophan)

Coenzymes involved in reactions-

Oxidoreduction reaction-

i) NAD+ linked dehydrogenases-

Isocitrate dehydrogenase
Malate dehydrogenase
α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
glutamate dehydrogenase
glyceraldehydes-3- P dehydrogenase
lactate dehydrogenase
β-hydroxyl acyl CoA dehydrogenase

ii) NADP+ linked dehydrogenases-

Glucose-6-P dehydrogenase in HMP shunt pathway
Nicotinamide excreted in urine are N¹–methyl nicotinamide and N¹–methyl 2-pyridone 5-carboxamide (2-pyridine).
N-methyl nicotinamide metabolized to methylpyridone-2- and 4-carboxamide
Nicotinic acid conjugated with glycine to form nicotinuric acid
Nicotinic acid methylated to trignonelline.
Daily recommended dose – 20mg/day

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Vitamin B3- metabolism