Question
What would be the race of individual if skull bone having following feature projecting malar bone,elliptical palate,Round orbit & the index shown in the picture below as above 80?
A. Negro.
B. Mongol.
C. European.
D. Aryans.
Show Answer
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Correct Answer » B Explanation |
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Ans:B. Mongol.
The index shown in the picture above represents the cephalic index.
Cephalic index
- Cephalic index (CI) = biparietal diameter (BPD)/occipitofrontal diameter (OFD) x 100 .
- The cephalic index was widely used by anthropologists in the early 20th century to categorize human populations by identification of race.
- It is now mainly used to describe individuals’ appearances and for estimating the age of fetuses for legal and obstetrical reasons to diagnose certain developmental disorders of the skull, such as craniosynostosis (premature fusion of the cranial bones), hydrocephalus , and positional deformation (breech presentation).
Racial difference in the skull:
| Type of skull | Cephalic index | Race |
|---|---|---|
| Dolichocephalic (long headed) | 70-75 | Pure Aryans, Aborigines and Negroes |
| Mesaticephalic (medium headed) | 75-80 | Europeans and Chinese |
| Brachycephalic (short headed) | 80-85 | Mongolian |
| Craniofacial trait variations | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mongoloid | Caucasoid | Negroid | |
| Cranial form | broad | medium | long |
| Sagittal outline | high,globular | high,rounded | highly variable,post-bregmaticdepression |
| Nose form | medium | narrow | broad |
| Nasal bone size | small | large | medium/small |
| Nasal profile | concave | straight | straight/concave |
| Nasal spine | medium | prominent,straight | reduced |
| Nasal sill | medium | sharp | dull/absent |
| Incisor form | shoveled | blade | blade |
| Mongoloid | Caucasoid | Negroid | |
| Facialprognathism | moderate | reduced | extreme |
| Alveolarprognathism | moderate | reduced | extreme |
| Malar form | projecting | reduced | reduced |
| Palatal form | parabolic/elliptic | parabolic | hyperbolic |
| Orbital form | round | rhomboid | round |
| Mandible | robust | medium | gracile, obliquegonial angle |
| Chin projection | moderate | prominent | reduced |
| Chin form | median | bilateral | median |