Question
Identify the deformity as shown in the picture below ?
A. Atlanto-axial subluxation.
B. Bamboo spine appearance.
C. osteoarthritis.
D. None of the above.
Show Answer
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Correct Answer » A Explanation |
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The deformity as shown in the picture above represents Atlanto-axial subluxation.
Atlanto-axial subluxation is a disorder of C1-C2 causing impairment in rotation of the neck. The anterior facet of C1 is fixed on the facet of C2. It may be associated with dislocation of the lateral mass of C1 on C2.
There are several ways in which a subluxation can occur:
- anteroposterior subluxation
- rotatory subluxation, known as atlantoaxial rotatory fixation (AARF) is characterised into four different types :
- type I: the atlas is rotated on the odontoid with no anterior displacement
- type II: the atlas is rotated on one lateral articular process with 3 to 5 mm of anterior displacement
- type III: comprises a rotation of the atlas on both lateral articular processes with anterior displacement greater than 5 mm
- type IV: characterised by rotation and posterior displacement of the atlas
- vertical subluxation.
- lateral subluxation.