medicoapps masterclass

Schizophrenia-Epidemiology

Schizophrenia-Epidemiology Prevalence of schizophrenia Incidence Rate 0.15-0.25 Per 1000 General population 1% Non twin sibling of schizophrenic patient 8% Dizygotic twin of schizophrenic patient 12% Monozygotic twin of schizophrenic patient 47% Child with 1 schizophrenic parent 12% Child with both parents’ schizophrenic 40% Usual Age of onset in Adolescence & Young Adulthood [If age > …

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Etiopathogenesis of schizophrenia-Genetic factors

 Etiopathogenesis of schizophrenia-Genetic factors The etiopathogenesis of schizophrenia consists of following factors: Genetic Biochemical Neuropathological Genetic Factors: Nine Linkage sites identified – 1q, 5q, 6p, 8p, 10p, 13q, 15q, 22q α- 7 nicotinic receptor DISC 1 [Disrupted in Schizophrenia] COMT [Catechol-o-methyl transferase] NRG 1 [Neuregulin 1] GRM 3 [Glutamate receptor metabotropic] RGS 4 [Regulator …

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Schizophrenia-Disorganization symptoms

 Schizophrenia-Disorganization symptoms The symptoms of schizophrenia are divided into: Positive Negative Disorganization Motor Disorganization symptoms: Formal Thought disorder – Loss of organization of thought Disorganized behavior – inappropriate behavior which breaks social norms Inappropriate affect – Affect which is not in sync with the social situation

Other antipsychotics

 Other antipsychotics Long Acting Injectable [Depot] Antipsychotics used in patients with poor compliance Available for Fluphenthixol Fluphenazine Haloperidol Pipotiazine Risperidone Zuclopenthixol Olanzapine Paliperidone Aripiprazole Thioridazine can cause irreversible retinal pigmentation, QT Prolongation but Less EPM side effect Chlorpromazine with corneal and lenticular deposits Penfluridol is the longest acting antipsychotic Ziprasidone can cause QT Prolongation …

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Delusional disorder

 Delusional disorder Delusional disorder: Development of a single or a set of related delusion which are persistent Hallucination, disorganization and negative symptoms are absent Persecutory Type, Jealous Type, Erotomania Type, Grandiose Type Somatic Type – Delusional parasitosis, Delusional dysmorphophobia, Delusion of Halitosis Capgras Syndrome – Familiar person has been replaced by an imposter Fregoli …

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Clozapine

 Clozapine First Atypical antipsychotic and is Drug of Choice in RESISTANT Schizophrenia Low D2 Affinity [Lack of Extrapyramidal S/E]and Strong D4 Affinity Antagonist of 5HT2A, D1, D3 and Alpha-adrenergic receptor Preferred Antipsychotic in patient who with EPM side effects including tardive dyskinesia S/E – Sedation, Syncope, hypotension, tachycardia, Nausea & Vomiting, Weight Gain [Highest], …

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Acute psychotic disorder

Acute psychotic disorder Delusion, hallucination and disorganization symptoms like schizophrenia Does not meet the duration criteria for diagnosis of schizophrenia Preceded by STRESSOR [Stressful Life Event] and may be precipitated by Fever ICD -10 [Acute & Transient Psychotic Ds] DSM5 [ if Duration < 1 Month Brief Psychotic Disorder Duration 1-6 Months – Schizophreniform Disorder] …

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