Image Based Question-68084

Glomerulopathy seen in a case of infection caused by the organism as shown in the image:

A. Diffuse glomerulosclerosis

B. Memebranous glomerulopathy

C. Mesangio-proliferative glomerulopathy

D. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

Correct Answer » D Explanation

Ans:D. Focal segmental glomeruloscleosis

Organism shown in the image : HIV

HIV-associated nephropathy

• It refers to kidney disease developing in association with HIV infection.

• The most common, or “classical”, type of HIV-associated nephropathy is a collapsing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.

Focal segmental Glomerulosclerosis

• The most common clinical presenting feature of FSGS (>70% of patients) is nephrotic syndrome, characterized by generalized edema, massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperlipidemia.

Causes:

• FSGS can be “primary” or “secondary” in nature.

• Primary FSGS means that the disease happened on its own with out a known or obvious reason.

Secondary FSGS :

• Kidney defects from birth (dysplasia)

• Urine backing up into kidneys (kidney reflux)

• Obesity

• Obstructive Sleep Apnea

• Viruses and blood disorders (such as HIV and sickle cell anemia)

• Autoimmune disorders (such as lupus and HSP)