INTRAVENOUS CANNULATION

• The IV cannula is a technique in which a cannula is placed inside a vein to provide venous access.
• It has-

Indications–

• IV fluid administration
• IV medication administration
• IV chemotherapy
• IV nutritional support
• Blood sampling
• IV blood or blood products administration

 

Common sites of Cannulization–

a)    Veins of the forearm-

• Cephalic vein
• Basilic vein
• Median vein
• Median cubital vein

b)    Veins of the hands-

• Digital dorsal veins
• Dorsal metacarpal veins
• Cephalic veins
• Basilic veins

Types of Intravenous Cannula-

 

Color code	Gauge	Flow rate	Indication
Orange	14	240 ml/min	Trauma & surgical procedure, needle cricothyroidotomy in adults
Grey	16	180 ml/min	Trauma & surgical procedure, GI bleeds, multiple blood transfer
Green	18	90 ml/min	Trauma, quick blood transfusion, contrast study, major surgery
Pink	20	60 ml/min	IV fluid, blood transfusion, antibiotic or analgesic infusion
Blue	22	36 ml/min	Children/ older adults, cytotoxic therapy
Yellow	24	20 ml/min	Neonates, children, elderly
Violet	26	13 ml/min	Neonates

 

 

 

 

Complications-

1. Local-

• Cellulitis
• Phlebitis
• Thrombosis
• Infiltration

2. Systemic

• Embolism
• Hematoma
• Allergic infection

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