Lysosome
→ Membranous bags with hydrolytic enzymes.
→ Buds off from trans-(concave) face of Golgi Apparatus.
→ Lysosomal enzymes: Synthesized in rough ER & processed by Golgi Apparatus.
→ Marker lysosomal enzyme – Acid phosphatase acting optimally in acidic pH.
Other lysosomal enzymes = Ribo-nuclease, deoxy-ribonuclease, glucosidase, arylsulfatase, collagenase & cathepsins.
Hydrolytic enzymes for digesting large proteins, polysaccharides, fats & nucleic acids.
Functions of Lysosomes:
Lytic activity:
→ Destruction of Unwanted substances, Aged Proteins & Bacteria.
→ H+ – ATP’ ase channel proteins Concentrates H+ within lysosomes Acidic pH.
→ Acidic pH Destruction of unwanted subs.
→ SUICIDAL BAGS / RESIDUAL BODIES = Acidic pH destroying lysosomes itself.
Lysosomal Enzymes -Acid phosphatase, Acid hydrolase & Acid lipase (All ACIDIC)
Autophagy:
→ “Self-Destruction” – Nobel Prize concept.
→ Aids in survival during starvation.
→ Starvation Lysosomes engulf & destroy mitochondria Releases proteins from IMM. → Energy (from proteins released).
