Chancroid
CHANCROID:
- Chancroid is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacteria Haemophilus ducreyi.
- Incubation period of chancroid is < 7 days.
- Most people with chancroid will develop one or more red, inflamed lumps in the genital area 3-7 days after being infected during sexual intercourse.
- These become larger and pus-filled until they rupture, leaving a painful ulcer.
- If left untreated, 50% of cases develop infected lymph glands, which become large, hard painful lumps (buboes), on either one or both sides of the groine.
- The site of most infections in men is the foreskin but other parts of the penis may be affected.
- In women, ulcers may be located on the labia, thigh, perineum and cervix.
- Women generally have less specific symptoms such as painful urination or pain on passing bowel motions (defaecation), vaginal discharge, painful sexual intercourse (dyspareunia) and rectal bleeding.
Diagnosis:
- Based on history: sexual exposure with infected person, short incubation period & morphology.
- Confirmed by demonstration of organisms from smears taken from bubo.
- Smears are stained with gram’s or Pappenheim’s stain.
- Ito-Reenstierna intradermal test: becomes positive 1 or 2 weeks after appearance of sore & persists positive for life.
- Injection of 0.1ml of suspension of killed organism & inferred as positive if a nodule of > 5mm appears after 24 hours.
Treatment:
- Erythromycin & Ceftriaxone.
Exam Question
- Chancroid is caused by H.Ducreyi.
- DOC in chancroid is Erythromycin.
- Reliable test for chancroid detection is Grams stained smear.
- Chancroid may be caused by Herpes virus – hominis.
- Incubation period of chancroid is < 7 days.
- Syndromic Management of genital ulcer syndrome in India includes Chancroid, Primary Chancre and herpes simplex
- Painful lymphadenopathy may be seen in Chancroid.Tender Bubos seen are used in the diagnosis of Chancroid.
- A man having multiple, painful, indurated, undermined, sloughed edged glans which occurred 5 days after exposures; most likely diagnosis is Chancroid.
- Ito’s test is used in the diagnosis of Chancroid
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