CNS DEPRESSANTS: Barbiturate poisoning & Chloral hydrate
Barbiturate poisoning
- It is mostly suicidal, sometimes accidental.
- Manifestations are due to excessive CNS depression.
- patient is flabby and comatose with shallow and failing respiration cyanosis.
- fall in BP and cardiovascular collapse.
- Renal shut down, pulmonary complications, bullous eruption (barbiturate blisters).
- Hypothermia , Finally there is coma.
- Individuals treated with drugs such as barbiturates show hypertrophy of the smooth endoplamic reticulum (ER) in hepatocytes
Important specific features are
- constricted pupil (there may be alternate constriction and dilatation, i.e. happus reaction).
- liquid gold urine.
Treatment includes :
- Gastric lavage
- Haemodialsis
- Supportive measures (O2, assissed respiration, maintenance of BP).
- Forced alkaline diuresis.
Chloral Hydrate
- Chloral hydrate is a colourless, crystalline substance having peculiar pungent odor and pungent bitter test.
- It is a powerful hypnotic in doses produces natural sleep, but in larger doses depresses CNS and paralyses vital centers.
- It is given in food or drink to make person helpless, called knock out drops.
- Mickey finn is a combination of alcohol and chloral hydrate.
- Chloral hydrate is also called dry wine.
Exam Important
Barbiturate poisoning:
- patient is flabby and comatose with shallow and failing respiration cyanosis.
- fall in BP and cardiovascular collapse
- Hypothermia , Finally there is coma.
- Individuals treated with drugs such as barbiturates show hypertrophy of the smooth endoplamic reticulum (ER) in hepatocytes.
Chloral Hydrate:
- crystalline substance having peculiar pungent odor and pungent bitter test.
- It is given in food or drink to make person helpless, called knock out drops.
- Mickey finn is a combination of alcohol and chloral hydrate.
- Chloral hydrate is also called dry wine
Don’t Forget to Solve all the previous Year Question asked on CNS DEPRESSANTS: Barbiturate poisoning & Chloral hydrate
