Enzyme Markers

ENZYME PROFILE FOR PANCREATITIS

• They are- amylase, lipase.
• Biomarkers of Acute Kidney Injury-
• Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KlM-1)
• Neutrophil Gelatin associated Lipocalin (NGAL)
• IL-18
• Alanine Amino Peptidase
• Alkaline Phosphatase
• γ Glutamyltranspeptidase

 SERINE PROTEASES-

• Trypsin cleave basic amino acid. (arginine, lysine)
• Chymotrypsin cleave hydrophobic amino acid.
• Elastase cleave alanine, glycine.

 BI-BI Reactions-

• E.g. – Aminotransferases and Serine Proteases.

 ENZYMES AS MARKERS OF ORGANELLE AND MEMBRANES-

• Endoplasmic reticulum- Glucose- 6- phosphatase
• Golgi Complex- Galactosyl Transferase
• Plasma- 5’-Nucleotiddase, Adenylyl cyclase

 ENZYMES AS DIAGNOSTIC REAGENTS-

• Hexokinase- Glucose
• Perioxidase- Glucose, Cholesterol

 ENZYMES IN OTHER BODY FLUIDS-

• Lactate dehydogenase in CSF, pleural fluid- malignant tumour but no confirm.
• Adenosine deaminase in pleural fluid- tuberculous pleural effusion
• Amylase in urine- pancreatitis

Cardiac Biomarkers-

• Creatine kinase
• Cardiac Troponin I and Cardiac Troponin T (preferred)

 Bone Markers-

• Bone formation- Alkaline phosphate, Osteoclanin, Procollagen
• Bone resorption- deoxypyridinoline.