SJOGREN’S SYNDROME

• Sjogren’s syndrome is an autoimmune disorder associated with parotid glands.
• It is characterised by lymphocytic infiltration of salivary and lacrimal gland.
• It affects women more (40- 60 years)
• Associated with HLA- B8 & DR3.
• Associated with RA, SLE, and primary biliary cirrhosis.

Clinical Features-

• Dry eyes ( keratoconjuctivitis sicca)
• Xerostomia
• Vaginal dryness
• Raynaud’s phenomenon
• Lymphoma
• Splenomegaly

The development ofLymphomas in patients with Sjogren syndrome is suggested by : –

• Persistent parotid gland enlargement
• Purpura
• Leukopenia
• Cryoglobulinemia
• Low C₄ complement levels

Investigations-

• Schirmer test- for flow of tear
• ESR elevated
• Biopsy- The earliest histological finding in both the major and minor salivary glands is periductal and perivascular lymphocytic infilteration which eventually becomes extensive
• Autoantibodies- RF, ANA, anti- Ro (SS-A), anti- La (SS- B)

Treatment-

• Lubricants for dry eyes.
• Xerostomia- saliva forming lubricants
• Corticosteroids for extraglandular & musculoskeletal deformities.

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