Biomedical waste management

Incineration REF: Park 20^th edition page 699, http://www.grantmedicalcollege-jjhospital.org/biomed.htm

Waste sharps Repeat from May 11

The blue or white translucent plastic bag is used for sharps (needles, syringes, scalpels, blades, glass etc.

that may cause puncture or cuts) and solid wastes such as waste generated from disposable items like tubings, catheters, intravenous sets etc. These wastes are treated by autoclaving/microwaving/chemical treatment and destruction/shredding.

The wastes in the black bags are treated by disposal in a secured landfill.

Ref: Preventive and Social Medicine, By K.Park, 19th edition, Page 648, 649

Out of all the given options, only sharps cannot be incinerated. sharps include needles, syringes, scalpels, blades and glass.

Sharps need to be disinfected either by chemotherapy, auto-claving, microwaving or mutilation shedding.

While cytotoxic waste, anatomical waste and infectious waste are incinerated and the incinerated ash is disposed in the municipal land fill. 

Ref: Park’s Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine 19th edition; pages

Ans. is ‘b’ i.e., Plastic 10%

Ans. is ‘a’ i.e., 45% 

Ans. is ‘b’ i.e., 0^.5-4 kg

Ans. is ‘a’ i.e., Human anatomical waste; b i.e., Animal waste; ‘c’ i.e., Microbiological waste

o Wastes discarded in yellow bag arc : (i) Category I (Human anatomical waste), (ii) Category 2 (Animal waste),  (iii) Catagory 3 (Microbiology and Biotechnology waste), and (iv) Catagory 6 (Solid waste).

Ans. is ‘b’ i.e., Sharps

 o Incineration of waste sharp (category No-4) is not recommended. o The recommended method for treatment and disposal is disinfection by chemical treatment / autoclaving /microwaving and multilation / shredding.

Ans. is ‘c’ i.e., Halogenated plastic 

Ans. is ‘a’ i.e., Double-chamber 

o Three basic kinds of incineration technology are of interest for treatment of healh care wastes :

i)      Double-chamber pyrolytic incinerators which may be especially designed to burn infectious health care waste.

ii)     Single-chamber furnaces with static grate, which should be used only if pyrolytic incinerators are not affordable.

iii)   Rotary kilns operating at high temperatures, capable of causing decomposition of genotoxic substances and heat-resistant chemicals.

Ans. is ‘b’ i.e., Plastic 10%

Ans. is ‘a’ i.e., Metal 1%; ‘b’ i.e., Paper 15%

Ans. is ‘a’ i.e., Human anatomical waste; b  i.e., Animal waste; ‘c’ i.e., Microbiological waste 

o Wastes discarded in yellow bag arc : (i) Category I (Human anatomical waste), (ii) Category 2 (Animal waste),  (iii) Catagory 3 (Microbiology and Biotechnology waste), and (iv) Catagory 6 (Solid waste).

Ans. is ‘a’ i.e., Separate land fill disposal

o Discarded (expired) drugs and cytotoxic drugs are classfied into category 5.

o For category 5. incineration destruction and rugs disposal in secured landfills is done.

Ans. is ‘a’ i.e. Mercury, ‘b i.e. Radiological waste, ‘c’ i.e. Halogen containing plastics

“Waste types not to be incinerated are: (a) pressurized gas container; (b) large amount of reactive chemical wastes; (c) silver salts and photographic or radiographic wastes; (d) Halogenated plastics such as PVC; (e) waste with high mercury or cadmium content, such as broken thermometers, used batteries, and lead-lined wooden panels; and (1) sealed ampules or ampules containing heavy metals”

Ans. is ‘c’ i.e., General waste 

Ans. is ‘c’ i.e., Blue bag 

Ans. is ‘d’ i.e., Yellow 

Ans. is `a’ i.e., Human anatomical waste 

Ans. B: Anatomy waste

Liquid waste is treated with disinfectants/reagents and neutralized before flushing into the sewer.

Sharp waste can be disposed by deep burial if land is available

Ans. A: Yellow

Colour coded biomedical waste bags ‑

• Yellow plastic bags for human anatomical, animal, microbiological and soiled waste.
• Red disinfected container or plastic bags microbiological waste, solid waste (IV tubes, catheters, etc.)

-Blue or White plastic bag or puncture proof containers sharps, disposable tubings, etc .

– Black Plastic bag or puncture proof containers discarded medicines, incineration ash, chemical waste.

Ans. is ‘c’ i.e., Animal waste

Ans. is ‘c’ i.e., Category 6

Ans:B.)White

White ,translucent coloured bag is used during disposal of Syringe.(Sharp waste)

Biomedical wastes categories and their segregation, collection, treatment, processing  and disposal options

Ans:A.)Category no:1.

Placenta is shown in the image,which is a human Anatomical waste,included in Category no:1

Categories of Biomedical waste