Gartner’s cyst
GARTNER’S DUCT
- Remnant of wolffian duct.
- Runs below but parallel to the fallopian tube in the mesosalpinx.
- The tubules of the gartner’s duct may be cystic.
- The outer ones are Kobelt’s tubules,
- The Middle set, the Epoophoron
- The proximal set, the Paroophoron.
- Small cyst may arise from any of the tubules.
- A cystic swelling from the Gartners duct may appear in the anterolateral wall of the Vagina confusing with cystocele.
GARTNER’S CYST:
- Origin:Arises from the remnants of the mesonephric duct
- Location:Situated anteriorly or anterolateral in the broad ligament or in the vagina:
- At the junction of lower 1/3rd and upper 2/3rd of anterior wall of vagina
Features:
- Size is variable
- Rugosities of the overlying vaginal.
- Mucosa is lost.
- Swelling enlarges and becomes more painful with approaching menses
- Vaginal mucosa over it becomes Tense & shiny.
- Margins are well defined.
- Not reducible
- No impulse on coughing
Symptoms:
- A small cyst remains asymptomatic
- Large causing dyspareunia requires excision
- infections, bladder dysfunction, abdominal pain, vaginal discharge, and urinary incontinence
Diagnosis:
- Ultrasound scan of the abdomen
- Transvaginal ultrasound of the uterus
- CT or CAT scan with contrast of the abdomen and pelvis may show a well-defined mass.
- MRI scans of the abdomen and pelvis
- Vaginal biopsy of the mas
- Fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy
Complications :
- Abscess formation
- Pain during sex
- The cysts may rupture and bleed resulting in secondary infections
- Damage to the muscles, vital nerves, and blood vessels, during surgery
- Post-surgical infection
Treatment:
- Asymptomatic: wait and watch
- Sitz bath:In warm water for a period of 3-4 days may cause the cyst to break
- Surgical intervention with complete excision
- Antibiotics: In case of secondary infections
- Post-operative care
Exam Question
- Cystic swelling at the junction of lower 1/3rd and upper 2/3rd of anterior wall of vagina at 10 0′ Clock position is diagnosed as Gartner’s cyst
- Gartner’s cyst can be a congenital cyst
- Gartner’s cyst arises from Remnant of mesonephric duct
- Swelling enlarges and becomes more painful with approaching menses in case of Gartner’s cyst
- Gartner’s cyst is a cystic remnant of Wolffian duct
- Gartner’s cyst is seen in Vagina
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