Hypospadias

Glandular REF: Bailey and love 24^th ed p. 1389

Hypospadias is most common congenital malformation of urethra

Types of hypospadias

• Glandular (50-70%)
• Penile
• Subcoronal
• Penoscrotal
• Scrotal
• Perineal

Ans. is ‘b’ i.e. Glandular

• Hypospadias is a condition in which the urethral meatus opens on the underside of penis or the perineum (i.e. ventral surface of penis) proximal to the tip of the glans penis.
• There are several types of hypospadias acccccording to location

Ans. is ‘b’ i.e., 6 – 10 months 

“The best time for surgery for hypospadias is between 6-12 months of age” – Cambell’s Urology

Ans is ‘d’ i.e., Cryptorchidism 

• Cambell’s Urology defines hypospadias as an association of 3 anatomic and developmental anomalies of penis.

1)       An abnormal ventral opening of the urethral meatus

2)       An abnormal Ventral curvature of the penis (chordee)

3)       A abnormal distribution of foreskin with a ‘hood’ present dorsally and deficient foreskin ventrally (hooded prepuce)

• Remember that Cryptorchidism is not a feature of hypospadias. But it may be seen associated with hypospadias in 8-9% of cases [Ref: Cambell’s Urology 8/e p2291, Smith’s Urology 17/e p631 (16/e p618)]

Answer is ‘b’ i.e. Dorsal chordee 

• Ventral chordee is seen in hypospadias
• Dorsal chordee is a feature of epispadias

Answer is ‘c’ i.e. Mental Retardation 

• Meatal stenosis may be associated with hypospadias and needs meatotomy for correction.
• Bifid scrotum may be seen in penoscrotal, scrotal & perinea! hypospadias.

Ans. is ‘a’ i.e. Meatal stenosis; ‘b’ i.e. Dorsal hood; ‘c’ i.e. Proximal opening of meatus 

Ans. is ‘a’ i.e., Chordee is reversed after 5 years 

Ans. is ‘a’ i.e., Glandular 

Ans. is ‘b’ i.e., Less common 

Ans. is ‘c’ i.e., Karyotyping 

Ans. is ‘a’ i.e., Ectopia vesicae 

Ans. A: Glandular

Glandular hypospadias is common and does not usually require treatment

Hypospadias:

• The external meatus opens on the underside of the penis or the perineum, and the inferior aspect of the prepuce is poorly developed (hooded prepuce)
• Meatal stenosis occurs
• Bifid scrotum
• 6 – 10 months of age is the best time for surgery