Depression-Symptoms Duration of Illness > 2 week to establish a diagnosis of depression Sleep Disturbances-Usually Insomnia [Early morning Awakening, reduced latency of REM Sleep] Loss of interest-Loses interest in activities which used to interest him earlier [Anhedonia] Guilt-Excessive Guilt Feelings Lack of energy-Decreased energy levels with easy fatigability Cognition / Concentration-Decreased energy levels with easy […]
Depression-Symptoms Read More »
Depression-Signs The signs that are seen in depression are: Omega sign-Seen in Forehead above the root of the nose Veraguth fold-Triangular shape fold in nasal corner of upper eyelid
Depression Major depressive episode in absence of any manic, mixed or hypomanic episode One of the commonest psychiatric disorder [Lifetime prevalence 17%] Twice as prevalent in Women, Mean Age = 40 Years Responsible for Maximum DALY [Disability Adjusted Life Years] Most common cause of Suicide More commonly seen in divorced and separated persons Endogenous Vs
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors SSSIs are-Fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, citalopram, escitalopram, sertraline, paroxetine, vilazodone Act by blocking reuptake of serotonin First Line of T/T for Depression OCD PTSD Panic disorder GAD Phobias Side Effect – Nausea [M/C], anxiety, diarrhea, delayed ejaculation, ↓ Libido, sedation, sweating, Weight gain, delayed platelet aggregation. Serotonin Syndrome Concurrent SSRI + MAO Inhibitor,
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors Read More »
Psychotherapy for depression Treatment using psychological techniques Cognitive Behavior Therapy Aims at correcting cognitive distortions [Faulty ways of thinking] and faulty behaviors The most effective psychotherapeutic technique in depression Interpersonal Therapy Focuses on management of patient’s current interpersonal problems Others Behavior therapy, Family Therapy and Psychoanalysis oriented therapy
Psychotherapy for depression Read More »
Management of depression Pharmacotherapy Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) SSRIs SNRIs Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors Atypical Antidepressants Psychotherapy Cognitive Behavior Therapy Interpersonal Therapy Behavior Therapy Somatic Therapy ECT Trans cranial magnetic stimulation Vagal Nerve stimulation Deep brain stimulation Sleep deprivation Phototherapy
Management of depression Read More »
Other somatic treatments for depression ECT: Severe depression with suicide risk or stupor Can also be used in depression with psychotic symptoms and refractoriness to other treatment Tran-cranial Magnetic Stimulation: Use of magnetic energy to stimulate neural cells. Non-Convulsive and requires no anesthesia Deep brain stimulation -Implantation of leads into specific brain areas used only
Other somatic treatments for depression Read More »
