Question
Glomerulopathy seen in a case of infection caused by the organism as shown in the image:
A. Diffuse glomerulosclerosis
B. Memebranous glomerulopathy
C. Mesangio-proliferative glomerulopathy
D. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
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Correct Answer » D Explanation |
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Ans:D. Focal segmental glomeruloscleosis
Organism shown in the image : HIV
HIV-associated nephropathy
- It refers to kidney disease developing in association with HIV infection.
- The most common, or “classical”, type of HIV-associated nephropathy is a collapsing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.
Focal segmental Glomerulosclerosis
- The most common clinical presenting feature of FSGS (>70% of patients) is nephrotic syndrome, characterized by generalized edema, massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperlipidemia.
Causes:
- FSGS can be “primary” or “secondary” in nature.
- Primary FSGS means that the disease happened on its own with out a known or obvious reason.
Secondary FSGS :
- Kidney defects from birth (dysplasia)
- Urine backing up into kidneys (kidney reflux)
- Obesity
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea
- Viruses and blood disorders (such as HIV and sickle cell anemia)
- Autoimmune disorders (such as lupus and HSP)