Question
A 40 years old female came to OPD with the history of fever, joint pain and rash. NSAIDs were prescribed. After one week, the patient developed brownish discoloration over nose. This was due to:
A. Melasma
B. Dengue
C. Chikungunya
D. Fixed drug eruption186
Show Answer
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Correct Answer » C
Explanation
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Ans. C. Chikungunya
Clinical history of fever, joint pain and rash and after one week of NSAIDs use, the patient developed brownish discoloration over nose as given in the image, the most probable diagnosis is pigmentation caused by Chikungunya. Nose pigmentation is striking in the cases of CKG, which has not been reported in any other viral exanthem. For fixed drug eruption, mucocutaneous junction (lip, glans) is most frequently involved, genital skin (glans) is the most commonly involved site.
| Chikungunya fever |
- Chikungunya fever is a re-emerging disease characterized by fever with arthralgia.
- Abrupt onset of chikungunya virus disease follows an incubation period of 2-10 days.
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Etiology & Epidemiology:
- Etiology: Chikungunya virus
- Aedes aegypti & A. albopictus mosquito bites; primarily in Africa & Indian Ocean region
- Maternal–fetal transmission has been reported
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Clinical Syndrome:
- Most common among adults
- Fever (often severe) with a saddleback pattern & severe arthralgia; accompanied by chills & constitutional symptoms
- & signs (abdominal pain, anorexia, conjunctival injection, headache, nausea & photophobia)
- Severe polyarticular, migratory arthralgias, especially involving small joints (e.g., hands, wrists, ankles)
- Recovery may require weeks, and some elderly patients may continue to experience joint pain, recurrent effusions, or stiffness for several years
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| Description of Rash |
- Maculopapular eruption; prominent on upper extremities & face, but can also occur on trunk & lower extremities
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Diagnosis:
- Viral isolation (in mosquito cell lines) & RT-PCR are best for early diagnosis.
- Serum antibody detection: MAC-ELISA is the best serology test.
- Markers like IL-113 & IL-6 are increased & RANTES level are decreased
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Treatment:
- NSAIDs & sometimes chloroquine for refractory arthritis.
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