BONES OF THE FOREARM- RADIUS
RADIUS
- It is the lateral bone of forearm.
- Its upper end includes head, neck and radial tuberosity.
- The superior surface of head articulates with the capitulum of humerus to form part of elbow joint and circumference of the head articulates with radial notch on proximal end of ulna to form proximal radioulnar joint.
- It lower end has inferior articular surface which articulates with scaphoid (laterally) and lunate (medially).
- Lower end also has ulnar notch for articulation with head of the ulna to form distal radio-ulnar joint (DRUJ).
MUSCLES ATTACHED:
1. ORIGINS of
- flexor pollicis longus
- abductor pollicis longus
- extensor pollicis brevis
- flexor digitorum superficialis.
2. INSERTIONS of
- biceps brachii(on radial tuberosity)
- supinator
- pronatur teres,
- pronator quadratus
- brachioradialis (on radial styloid).
- Dorsum of lower end of radius has dorsal tubercle of radius (Lister’s tubercle), which can be palpated in the line with the cleft b/w the index & middle fingers.
- The groove medial to Lister’s tubercle is traversed by tendon of extensor pollicis longus.
- The groove lateral to Lister’s tubercle is traversed by tendons of extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) & extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB).
Exam Important
- Radial bone is major contributor to wrist joint.
- Extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) & extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB) lies lateral to distal radial tubercle.
- Carpal bone which articulates with radius is Scaphoid
- Two carpal bones articulate with radius are Scaphoid and lunate.
- Fracture of distal end of radius may results in loss of function of Extensor Pollicis Longus tendon.
- If head of the radius is removed, it will result in Valgus deformity.
- The forcible separation of the head of the radius from the capitulum of the humerus is mainly prevented by the Annular ligament.
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