Derivatives Of Ectoderm

1.

Skin & appendages

• Epidermis, 
• hair
• nails
• sweat glands
• sebaceous glands.

2.

Mucous membrane of

• Oral cavity, nasal cavity, oaranasal sinuses
• lower part of anal canal, terminal part of urethra
• outer surface of labia minora, whole labia majora
• lower part of vagina.

 3.

 Eye

•  Crystalline lens
•  epithelium of cornea and conjunctiva, lacrimal gland.

 4.

 Ear

• Outer layer of tympanic membrane
• epithelial lining of membranous labyrinth.

 5.

 Glands

• Exocrine glands (sweat glands, sebaceous glands
• salivary glands, mammary glands, lacrimal glands).

 6.

 Teeth

•  Enamel (Ameloblast).

 7.

 Pharyngeal Clefts

From NEURAL TUBE:

From NEURAL CREST:

• CNS (brain, spinal cord),

A)     NEURAL DERIVATIVES

• Astrocytes

• Sensory neurons of 5th, 7th, 8th, 9th. 10th cranial nerve ganglia (trigeminal, geniculate, sphenopalatine, submandibular, cochlear, vestibular, otic and vagal parasympathetic ganglia).

• Oligodendrocytes

• Sensory neurons of spinal dorsal root ganglia.

• Ependymal cells

• Sympathetic chain ganglia and plexus(celiac/preaortic/renal ganglia, enteric plexus in GIT, I.e. Auerbachs and Meissner’s).

• Retina

• Parasympathetic ganglia and plexus of GIT.

• Pineal gland

• Schwann cells of peripheral nerves, satellite cells of all ganglia.

• Neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary)

• Adrenal  medulla, chromaffin cells, parafollicular C-cells of thyroid gland.

• All cranial and spinal motor nerves

• Melanocytes and melanoblasts.

• Glomus cells

B)      MESENCHYMAL DERIVATIVES

• Dermal bones of skull: Frontal, parietal, temporal, nasal, vomer, palatine, mandible, maxilla.

• Leptomeninges : arachnoid and pia mater(Duramater is mesodermal).

• Dentine of teeth (odontoblasts)

• Eye : choroid, sclera, iris epithelium, pupillary muscles (sphincter and dilator pupillae, ciliary muscles).

• Pharyngeal arch cartilages.

• Retinal pigmented epithelium

• Connective tissues of head including dermis, tendon, ligaments.

• Bulbar and ronal ridges of heart.

1.

Skin & appendages

• Epidermis, 
• hair
• nails
• sweat glands
• sebaceous glands.

2.

Mucous membrane of

• Oral cavity, nasal cavity, oaranasal sinuses
• lower part of anal canal, terminal part of urethra
• outer surface of labia minora, whole labia majora
• lower part of vagina.

 3.

 Eye

•  Crystalline lens
•  epithelium of cornea and conjunctiva, lacrimal gland.

 4.

 Ear

• Outer layer of tympanic membrane
• epithelial lining of membranous labyrinth.

 5.

 Glands

•  Exocrine glands (sweat glands, sebaceous glands
•  salivary glands, mammary glands, lacrimal glands).

 6.

 Teeth

•  Enamel (Ameloblast).

 7.

 Pharyngeal Clefts

 From NEURAL TUBE:

From NEURAL CREST:

• CNS (brain, spinal cord),

A)     NEURAL DERIVATIVES

• Astrocytes

• Sensory neurons of 5th, 7th, 8th, 9th. 10th cranial nerve ganglia (trigeminal, geniculate, sphenopalatine, submandibular, cochlear, vestibular, otic and vagal parasympathetic ganglia).

• Oligodendrocytes

• Sensory neurons of spinal dorsal root ganglia.

• Ependymal cells

• Sympathetic chain ganglia and plexus (celiac/preaortic/renal ganglia, enteric plexus in GIT, I.e. Auerbachs and Meissner’s).

• Retina

• Parasympathetic ganglia and plexus of GIT.

• Pineal gland

• Schwann cells of peripheral nerves, satellite cells of all ganglia.

• Neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary)

• Adrenal  medulla, chromaffin cells, parafollicular C-cells of thyroid gland.

• All cranial and spinal motor nerves

• Melanocytes and melanoblasts.

• Glomus cells

B)      MESENCHYMAL DERIVATIVES

• Dermal bones of skull: Frontal, parietal, temporal, nasal, vomer, palatine, mandible, maxilla.

• Leptomeninges : arachnoid and pia mater (Duramater is mesodermal).

• Dentine of teeth (odontoblasts)

• Eye : choroid, sclera, iris epithelium, pupillary muscles (sphincter and dilator pupillae, ciliary muscles).

• Pharyngeal arch cartilages.

• Retinal pigmented epithelium

• Connective tissues of head including dermis, tendon, ligaments.

• Bulbar and ronal ridges of heart.