Ethylene glycol & Boric acid poisoning

Ethylene glycol & Boric acid poisoning


Ethylene  glycol

  • It  is  used as  an antifreeze.
  • It  is  not  absorbed  through  skin.
  • It is  metabolised to  glycoaldehyde,  glycolic  acid  and  oxalic  acid.
  • Ethylene glycol when ingested affects kidney by forming oxalates.
  • It  inhibits  oxidative  phosphorylation.
  • Symptoms:  vomiting,  lethargy,  ataxia,  convulsions & coma.
  • ln  l2-24hrs,  tachycardia,  tachyapnea,electrolyte  imbalance&  metabolic acidosis.
  • In 1-3  days,  hypocalcemia,  oliguria,  tubular necrosis  & renal  failure  occurs due to  formation  of calcium  oxalate crystals.
  • Antidote for ethylene glycol poisoning:Fomepizole.
  • I.V. fomepizole or ethanol is given in ethylene glycol poisoning.
  • Fomepizole (an alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor) is the DOC.

Treatment–  gastric  lavage,  activated  charcoal,  ethanol,  hemodialysis.

Boric acid  poisoning

  • Boric  acid poisoning  is  rarely fatal 
  • Most  serious intoxications  occur  in  infants  and  young  children
  • The initial  phase  of  poisoning  consists of  nonspecific  gastrointestinal symptoms.
  • The ‘boiled  lobster’rash  an  intense generalized  erythrodema,  manifests shortly thereafter,  with  extensive  desquamation  within 1-2 days.
  • serious  effect
  • cardiovascular  collapse.
  • seizures, and renal failure.

Treatment: The  only potential  therapy  is  dialysis  or exchange  transfusion  which  has been effective

Exam Important

Ethylene  glycol

  • It  is  used as  an antifreeze.
  • It  is  not  absorbed  through  skin.
  • It is  metabolised to  glycoaldehyde,  glycolic  acid  and  oxalic  acid.
  • Ethylene glycol when ingested affects kidney by forming oxalates.
  • It  inhibits  oxidative  phosphorylation.
  • Symptoms:  vomiting,  lethargy,  ataxia,  convulsions & coma.
  • ln  l2-24hrs,  tachycardia,  tachyapnea,electrolyte  imbalance&  metabolic acidosis.
  • In 1-3  days,  hypocalcemia,  oliguria,  tubular necrosis  & renal  failure  occurs due to  formation  of calcium  oxalate crystals.
  • Antidote for ethylene glycol poisoning:Fomepizole.
  • I.V. fomepizole or ethanol is given in ethylene glycol poisoning.
  • Fomepizole (an alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor) is the DOC.
  • Treatment–  gastric  lavage,  activated  charcoal,  ethanol,  hemodialysis.
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