Ethylene glycol & Boric acid poisoning
Ethylene glycol
- It is used as an antifreeze.
- It is not absorbed through skin.
- It is metabolised to glycoaldehyde, glycolic acid and oxalic acid.
- Ethylene glycol when ingested affects kidney by forming oxalates.
- It inhibits oxidative phosphorylation.
- Symptoms: vomiting, lethargy, ataxia, convulsions & coma.
- ln l2-24hrs, tachycardia, tachyapnea,electrolyte imbalance& metabolic acidosis.
- In 1-3 days, hypocalcemia, oliguria, tubular necrosis & renal failure occurs due to formation of calcium oxalate crystals.
- Antidote for ethylene glycol poisoning:Fomepizole.
- I.V. fomepizole or ethanol is given in ethylene glycol poisoning.
- Fomepizole (an alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor) is the DOC.
Treatment– gastric lavage, activated charcoal, ethanol, hemodialysis.
Boric acid poisoning
- Boric acid poisoning is rarely fatal
- Most serious intoxications occur in infants and young children
- The initial phase of poisoning consists of nonspecific gastrointestinal symptoms.
- The ‘boiled lobster’rash an intense generalized erythrodema, manifests shortly thereafter, with extensive desquamation within 1-2 days.
- serious effect
- cardiovascular collapse.
- seizures, and renal failure.
Treatment: The only potential therapy is dialysis or exchange transfusion which has been effective
Exam Important
Ethylene glycol
- It is used as an antifreeze.
- It is not absorbed through skin.
- It is metabolised to glycoaldehyde, glycolic acid and oxalic acid.
- Ethylene glycol when ingested affects kidney by forming oxalates.
- It inhibits oxidative phosphorylation.
- Symptoms: vomiting, lethargy, ataxia, convulsions & coma.
- ln l2-24hrs, tachycardia, tachyapnea,electrolyte imbalance& metabolic acidosis.
- In 1-3 days, hypocalcemia, oliguria, tubular necrosis & renal failure occurs due to formation of calcium oxalate crystals.
- Antidote for ethylene glycol poisoning:Fomepizole.
- I.V. fomepizole or ethanol is given in ethylene glycol poisoning.
- Fomepizole (an alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor) is the DOC.
- Treatment– gastric lavage, activated charcoal, ethanol, hemodialysis.
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