Hyperphosphatemia

HYPERPHOSPHATEMIA

• Hyperphosphatemia is defined as serum phosphate concentration >1.8 nmol/L (5.5mg/dL) results impaired glomerular infiltration, hypoparathyroidism, excess of phosphate into the ECF.

ETIOLOGY-

• Impaired renal phosphate excretion

1. Renal insufficiency
2. Hypoparathyroidism
3. Parathyroid suspension
4. Pseudohypoparathyroidism
5. Acromegaly

• Massive extracellular fluids phosphate loads

1. Necrosis
2. Transcellular phosphate shifts
3. Rapid administration of extracellular phosphate

CLINICAL FEATURES

• Hypocalcaemia
• Metastatic calcification
• Nephrocalcinosis

INVESTIGATION

• Increased serum phosphate levels

TREATMENT

• Normal saline
• Dietary phosphate restriction 

• Hyperphosphatemia is defined as serum phosphate concentration >1.8 nmol/L (5.5mg/dL) results impaired glomerular infiltration, hypoparathyroidism, excess of phosphate into the ECF. 

ETIOLOGY-

• Impaired renal phosphate excretion

1. Renal insufficiency
2. Hypoparathyroidism
3. Parathyroid suspension
4. Pseudohypoparathyroidism
5. Acromegaly

CLINICAL FEATURES

• Hypocalcaemia
• Metastatic calcification