Renal Diagnostics(Pyelogram,Urogram,Nephrogram,Cystourethrogram,Cystometry,DTPA Scan)
Radiological sign of Papillary Necrosis on Excretory Urogram:
- Tracks and horns of contrast medium arising ,from the calyceal fornices (representing necrosis around the papillary margin.)
- Egg in a cup appearance (due to central necrosis producing central pool of contrast within the papillae)
- Ring shadow (Papillary sloughing produces a central lucent filling defect with a surrounding ring of contrast medium).
- Bead cystogram is used for the diagnosis of Stress incontinence.
- Cystogram is used to evaluate bladder filling defects (tumors, diverticula) and bladder perforation.
- Cystography and cystourethrography are important radiologic techniques for detecting vesicoureteral reflux and may be used in the workup of patients with urinary stress incontinence.
- CT cystography (CT of the pelvis after the instillation of dilute contrast medium into the bladder) has been shown useful in the evaluation of traumatic bladder rupture.
- Cystometry is the investigation of choice in a suspected case of detrusor instability or dyssynergia..
- A dense persistent nephrogram may be seen in : Acute ureteral obstruction , Severe hydronephrosis , Dehydration.
- Non-visualisation of kidney in excretory urogram is seen in Renal Vein Thrombosis.
- Retrograde pyelography is useful to locate the site of PUJ obstruction
- Flower ‘Vase’ pattern of the pelvis in an intravenous urogram is seen in Horse Shoe Kidney.
- “Spider leg” deformity in excretory urogram occurs in Polycystic Kidney.
- Most reliable investigation in bladder rupture is Retrograde Cystogram.
- The posterior urethra is best visualized by Voiding Cystogram.
- A patient presented with ARF with complete anuria, but a normal ultrasound.Next investigation would be Radio-renogram.
- Investigation of choice in Vesico-ureteric Reflux is Voiding Cystourethrography.
- Reflex nephropathy is diagnosed mainly by Micturationg Cystourethrogram.
- In intravenous pyelography, one contracted kidney indicates Chronic Pyelonephritis.
- Nephrogram phase of IVP is because of dye in Proximal Convoluted Tubule.
- Polycystic Kidney is diagnostic of the ‘Rim sign’ in a nephrogram.
Exam Question
Radiological sign of Papillary Necrosis on Excretory Urogram:
- Tracks and horns of contrast medium arising ,from the calyceal fornices (representing necrosis around the papillary margin.)
- Egg in a cup appearance (due to central necrosis producing central pool of contrast within the papillae)
- Ring shadow (Papillary sloughing produces a central lucent filling defect with a surrounding ring of contrast medium).
- Bead cystogram is used for the diagnosis of Stress incontinence.
- Cystogram is used to evaluate bladder filling defects (tumors, diverticula) and bladder perforation.
- Cystography and cystourethrography are important radiologic techniques for detecting vesicoureteral reflux and may be used in the workup of patients with urinary stress incontinence.
- CT cystography (CT of the pelvis after the instillation of dilute contrast medium into the bladder) has been shown useful in the evaluation of traumatic bladder rupture.
- Cystometry is the investigation of choice in a suspected case of detrusor instability or dyssynergia..
- A dense persistent nephrogram may be seen in : Acute ureteral obstruction , Severe hydronephrosis , Dehydration.
- Non-visualisation of kidney in excretory urogram is seen in Renal Vein Thrombosis.
- Retrograde pyelography is useful to locate the site of PUJ obstruction
- Flower ‘Vase’ pattern of the pelvis in an intravenous urogram is seen in Horse Shoe Kidney.
- “Spider leg” deformity in excretory urogram occurs in Polycystic Kidney.
- Most reliable investigation in bladder rupture is Retrograde Cystogram.
- The posterior urethra is best visualized by Voiding Cystogram.
- A patient presented with ARF with complete anuria, but a normal ultrasound.Next investigation would be Radio-renogram.
- Investigation of choice in Vesico-ureteric Reflux is Voiding Cystourethrography.
- Reflex nephropathy is diagnosed mainly by Micturationg Cystourethrogram.
- In intravenous pyelography, one contracted kidney indicates Chronic Pyelonephritis.
- Nephrogram phase of IVP is because of dye in Proximal Convoluted Tubule.
- Polycystic Kidney is diagnostic of the ‘Rim sign’ in a nephrogram.
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