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Venous drainage of lower limb

Neelam Maurya

Venous drainage of lower limb

VENOUS DRAINAGE OF LOWER LIMB

VEINS OF LOWER LIMB:

Superficial Veins:

  1. Greater Saphenous- Largest vein of the body
  2. Small Saphenous

2. Deep Veins:

  1. Femoral vein 
  2. Profunda femoris vein
  3. Popliteal vein
  4. Peroneal vein
  5. Anterior & Posterior tibial vein

3. Perforating Veins:

  • Provided with valves which direct blood from superficial to deep veins.
  • Two types of perforating veins: Direct & Indirect.

PERFORATORS

LOCATION

CONNECTING VEINS

Mid-thigh (mid hunter)

Adductor canal

Great saphenous with femoral

Distal thigh (Dodd’s)

Distal thigh

Great saphenous with femoral

Knee perforator (Boyd’s)

Just below knee

Great saphenous with posterior tibial

ANATOMY OF VEINS:

VEINS RECIEVES BLOOD FROM DRAINAGE ACCOMPANIES
Anterior Tibial
  • Anterior compartment of leg
  • Popliteal vein
  • Ant. tibial artery
Posterior Tibial
  • Posterior compartment of leg and plantar surface of the foot
  • Popliteal vein
  • Post. tibial artery
Peroneal/Fibular 
  • Lateral compartment of the leg
  • Posterior tibial veins
  • Fibiular arteries
Popliteal 
  • Peroneal vein before reaching the knee joint(blood from the knee joint and muscles in the thigh and calf)
  • Femoral veinwhen leaving the adductor canal
  • Popliteal artery(extends from the femoral artery behind the poplitealfossa which is the space behind the knee)
Profunda femoris 
  • Inner thigh 
  • Join with the femoral vein at ischial tuberosity
  • Profunda femoris artery
Femoral(bounds femoral ring from one side)( contains valve)
  • Popliteal vein
  • Profundafemoris vein

Great saphenous vein
  • Lies in adductor or hunter’s canal
  • External iliac vein(at inf. margin of inguinal ligament)
  • Femoral artery(in the femoral sheath)
Great Saphenous (passinganterior to the medial malleolus visualized and palpated)
  • Dorsal vein of the first digit (the large toe)(start as continuation of medial marginal vein)
  • Dorsal venous arch of the foot
  • Femoral vein in the region of the femoral triangle at the saphenofemoral junction.
  –
 Small Saphenous Vein (large vein of the superficial posterior leg)( tributary of lateral marginal vein)
  • Originates where Dorsal vein from the fifth digit (smallest toe) merges with the lateral side of dorsal venous arch of the foot
  • Popliteal vein,( approximately at or above the level of the knee joint)(runs behind lateral malleolus)
  • Sural nerve
  • Achillis tendon  medial to vein
Communicating/ Perforating
  • Superficial veins
  • Deep veins
 –

Note : The most important perforator of the Lower limb is between Long saphenous and femoral vein

Exam Question

  • Short saphenous vein is a tributary of lateral marginal vein.
  • The femoral ring is bounded by femoral vein on one side.
  • Greater saphenous vein can be located Anterior to the medial malleolus.
  • Femoral vein passes behind the inguinal ligament.
  • Great saphenous vein  Starts as a continuation of medial marginal vein
  • The most important perforator of the Lower limb is between Long saphenous and femoral vein
  • Femoral vein contains valve.
  • Sural nerve & Achillis tendon  are the structures accompanying  Small Saphenous Vein.
  • Small Saphenous Vein lies behind lateral malleolus 
  • Femoral vein lies in femoral sheath 
  • Femoral vein lies in hunter canal.
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