Coccidioides immitis

Ans. is ‘a’ i.e., Coccidioides immitis; ‘c’ i.e., Histoplasma

Endemic mycoses

.   Mycosis that is geographically restricted to specific area of endemicity.

.   Fungus causing endemic mycosis are : –

I. Coccidioidomycosis                 3. Blastomycosis

2. Histoplasmosis                         4. Paracoccidioidomycosis

Ans. is ‘a’ i.e., Spherules and endospores

Coccidioides immitis

.   It is a dimorphic fungus with septate hyphae.

.   Has two forms.

1. White fluffy mould on most culture media
2. Nonbudding spherical form-a spherule, in host tissue.

.   C. immitis reproduces in host tissue by forming small endospores within mature spherules.

.    Fungus is identified by its appearance by the formation of thick-walled barrel shaped spores, called arthrospores.

.    Infection is acquired by dust containing arthrospores.

.     Clinical manifestations

–    Most of the infections are asymptomatic Asymptomatic pulmonary nodule.

– Many persons develop a self limited influenza like fever —> Valley fever or desert rheumatism. – Acute pneumonia

–         Chronic fibrocavitatory pneumonia

–         Chronic dissemination:

Bone                                           Meninges

Skin                                             Joints Subcutaneous tissue

Ans. is ‘None’

Ans. is ‘c’ i.e., Arthrospores

.     C. immitis is identified by its appearance (endosporulating spherules) and by the formation of thick walled, barrel-shaped spores, called arthrospores.

Remember

.     Blastomyces dermatitidis      —> Yeast phase has spherical or oval double walled cells with single broad based bud.

• Paracoccidioides brasiliensis —> Yeast phase has spherical thick walled cells with multiple buds.
• Coccidioides immitis               –> Tissue phase has spherule with numerous endospores.

Ans. is None

• All are dimorphic fungi

Ans. is ‘c’ i.e., Coccidioides

.  Arthrospores (arthroconidia) are formed by coccidioides.

Ans. is ‘d’ i.e., Rhinosporidium seeberi