Isolation

Ans. is ‘c’ i.e., Period of communicability 

Isolation

• Isolation is defined as “separation. for the period of comunicability of infected person or animalsfrom others in  such places under such conditions, as to prevent or limit the direct or indirect transmission of the infectious  agent from those infected to those who are susceptible, or who may spread the agent to others”.

o In simple words “Isolation separates those who are already ill or infected from those who are not for the period of communicability”.

Why would people be placed in isolation ?

o Isolating sick people prevents the spread or transmission of disease to susceptible hosts.

Where would sick people be isolated ?

• The location of isolation depends on how sick the person is. Isolation might take place at home, but if the illness is more serious or if the patient is already hospitalized, isolation might take place in the hospital.

How long would people be isolated ?

o The duration of isolation will depend on the severity of illness and how quickly individual recovers. o It is usually for the period of communicability.

Ans. is ‘d’ i.e., Pneumonic plague 

o Isolation is used in all the given options, but pneumonic plague is best option among these (read below).

o Isolation has a distinctive value in the control of some infectious diseases, e.g., diphtheria, cholera, streptococcal respiratory disease, pneumonic plague.

o In some diseaes where there is a large component of subclinical infection and carrier state, even the most rigid isolation will not prevent the spread of disease, e.g., polio, hapatitis and typhoid fever.

o Mumps is highly infectious before it is diagnosed hence isolation for most cases of mumps has proved futile – Park.

o Measles is also highly infectious during prodromal period, isolation is most useful if diagnosis can be established in the prodromal/catarrhal stage. But most cases of measles are diagnosed with the appearance of rash when communicability begins to decline. Isolation in measles is therefore not likely to be very effective. 

Ans. is All 

Ans. is ‘c’ i.e., 3 weeks 

• Isolation periods of Hepatitis A is 3 weeks.

Ans. is ‘c’ i.e., AIDS 

Ans. is ‘a’ i.e., Diphtheria; ‘b’ i.e., Plague; ‘c’ i.e., Mumps 

Ans. B: 5 days

Ans. is `b’ i.e., Neonatal tetanus

Ans. c. German measles: 7 days after the onset of rash